Speaking from my experiences shadowing podiatrists and having gone through NYCPM, I can tell you that the differences in cases can be tremendous based on the area and population of patients.
I am from a small town in New Jersey where the local podiatrists see cases ranging from bunions and hammertoes to flatfoot reconstructions and sports medicine type injuries. Having rotated through the NYCPM clinic and hospitals in the greater NYC area, I can tell you that there is a ton of diabetic wound care, Charcot reconstruction, and much more trauma, though you will still see bunions and hammertoes. Also, given the vast population of people coming into NYC, the chances of seeing congenital deformities, both in pediatric and adult patients, is high as well. Mainly, I have seen a lot of clubfoot deformities.
These differences in cases, in my experience, are attributable to the socio-economic status of these patients. In the urban hospitals of NYC, patients are often not well educated, poorer, and covered by Medicaid. In the suburbs of NJ, patients are more educated, affluent, and covered by private insurances.
Hope this gives you an idea of what's out there.