How to distinguish between values and beliefs?

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basophilic

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I understand that values are your conception of good and bad; beliefs are your convictions in general, with or without empirical evidence.
But how do you distinguish b/w the two in a real situation? Say I declare that people should be 100% practical but someone else declares people should be 100% idealistic (even though research might suggest it best to be somewhere in the middle ground).
So are we differing in values or beliefs?
Similarly, I see American "values" being described as free opportunity, egalitarianism, democracy, science and progress, etc. How/why are these also not "beliefs"?

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