I will give you a slightly different perspective. We help students prepare for retakes regularly and encourage a retake IF the correct indicators and circumstances are in place. It is extremely rare for a student for whom we have encouraged a retake to not go up by at least 3 points. As has been noted, the AAMC stats on retakes can be intimidating. However, remember that these are the stats for the AVERAGE/COMMON retake student. If you BEHAVE like the average/common retake student does, you should indeed be intimidated and should NOT attempt a retake. Recently, I've personally seen several improvements from students in somewhat similar circumstances: 32 to 37, 27 to 34, 34 to 39, 35 to 40, 36 to 42, and 37 to 41. None of my personal students have attempted retakes on MCAT-2015 yet, but I don't think the general principles will differ. Here's what I think should be considered:
1. Plan on a likely same/lower score on any section with a 13+/130+. The confidence bands overlap too heavily to be confident you will increase the score. You might retake a 130 and get a 129, but your "true" performance on the retake could actually be the same or even better--that's how confidence intervals work. In your case, that CP section could go down or stay the same, so you'd have to have confidence you could more than make up for that on other sections if it were to happen. That said, it's not like you have zero control. If I were in that spot I would study equally as hard for CP as the other sections I was trying to raise further as a sort of "insurance policy" against dropping.
2. Time invested. There is always the idea that "everything went wrong" on test day and so by simply taking it again you'll go up. It does sound like you had a crazy test day, but we cannot really know what impact that had, AND it's not impossible that something stressful will happen on your next attempt (car breaks down, someone throws up on your computer station....things like that happen more than you'd think). Assuming that the simple act of taking it again will cause the score rise is a very risky approach and you are far better to assume that the original score was a relatively accurate indication of your preparedness level at the time of the original exam. If we assume that, then we need to invest a significant amount of time on the retake preparation so that you reach a definitely HIGHER level of preparation for the retake. In my experience, fast turnaround retakes are not usually successful. All of the improvements I noted above were from students who invested at least 2-3 months of additional intense study for the retake, some of them much more. If you are busy during this fall and cram for the last few weeks, I'd be scared that you won't get the outcome you hope for. If you are serious about a much better score, you need 3+ months either starting RIGHT NOW for that January exam, or by just doing the retake in April.
3. Behavior Change = Score Change. Most of the retakers in the AAMC data do NOT see significant score changes because their behavior wasn't really that different between the first and second exam. Sometimes, the retake behavior--in terms of the quality of the studying--is actually worse than the original attempt. In those cases, one should expect the score to reflect that fact. It is important to note that you WILL be weaker right this moment than you were right before the exam in some areas because you took the foot off the gas in terms of review and maintenance. So, you will have to do a serious review just to make sure you get back to your baseline. Then the real work begins. Once you are confident you are back to at least as sharp as you were before, you have to implement measurable improvements you know will have a very high likelihood of improving your performance in each section. This can be things like: spending significantly more time working problems than you did before, insisting on a much higher bar on practice test scores than you did before, significantly deepening your conceptual understanding of things you may have just memorized before, doing significantly more practice with scientific journal article-type passages, and so forth.
When I look at your score, I think the 126 in Psych-Soc is ripe for improvement. The PsS is exactly what we feared it would be...way too much memorization. But that could be a good thing for you. If you are willing to pay the price to memorize the heck out of those theories and terms. Don't neglect experimental methods or nervous system bio as these are core components of this section as well. The CAR section presents similar opportunity, but ONLY if you can effect some measurably different preparation, and the CAR section would be the hardest section to pinpoint "measurably better prep." I would insist on MUCH higher practice test scores for CAR before sitting for the retake. The BB section definitely leaves room for improvement if--and only if--you do make measurable changes. Despite the confidence bands, students I know who got a 131-132 on BB are definitely DIFFERENT than those who got a 128 or 129. So, you need to effect that kind of transformation if you want that much higher score.
Most of the students I see make big jumps go into the test feeling clearly "I am so much better prepared this time than I was last time, it's not even close." If that is how you feel, and it is backed up by measurably-different behaviors, I think the odds are very much in your favor. I cannot emphasize enough, however, that this is NOT usually the case among most students who retake the exam. Most have done a "little" extra studying, often only half-heartedly, and are hoping for some magic bullet, or "easier" exam form.
Most of all...it's your decision. Take advice like this on forums like this, or even from advisers, with a grain of salt and ultimately decide yourself. You're the one who is either going to benefit from a much better score, or bear the impact of scoring the same or lower. Good luck!
