*Deep breath*
You are right and this is in fact the "darling" arguing point in the debate for "URM admissions". However, it is much harder to assess conditions of schooling / quality of teaching than race. Being African American / Latinx in this country means being
disproportionately affected by barriers to social mobility such as poor education access and poverty. There's also the fact that a little thing called racism exists. People bemoaning URM admissions fail to see the reason behind it - whites or asians will need to more clearly detail their hardships, but they will undoubtedly be looked upon more favorably should they succeed despite them. URMs are IDENTIFIED as an easy way to assess those who may
potentially have faced more barriers and hardships to "succeed".
This is for the benefit of those who still cannot understand - there's a pretty common meme / story out there about a teacher offering extra credit to whoever can throw a crumpled piece of paper into a trash can at the front of the room. Namely, making it into the can = success. Those in the back complain, as it is much harder for them to aim and see above those in the front. The students in front remain silent and simply begin shooting because they know they have an advantage. If the teacher tries to even the disadvantage by allowing an extra two shots for those in the back, the students in the front suddenly might have something to say.
It's the same thing that happens for med admissions / college admissions / you name it. The only reason why we react negatively is because we think there is an inherent advantage to being URM. Those who say admissions should only be based on stats/ECs don't realize their own privilege. Have you had to deal with the constant threat of violence in your neighborhood? Has there been societal pressure to act a certain way? Do you understand what it is like to have to work to live and go to school AND keep up your GPA / ECs? If you're barely scraping enough money paycheck to paycheck, are you really in the position to think about long-term goals such as med school? How many mentors did you have? If you're worrying about being evicted, do you really have the luxury to think about what ECs you need? Have you seen the state of traditionally AA/Latinx schools? Or the teachers?
I could go on and on. Why should these people, who have struggled to survive and succeed in ways that we cannot truly understand, not be given a chance?
(While privileged URMs are existent, adcoms are not automatons that accept willy-nilly anyone with a certain race designation. It is just one factor that could make file review quicker. Also, URM communities are those MOST IN NEED of better healthcare. Those who grew up in those communities are actually the ones most likely to return and most likely to be accepted back within the community. How many of you "oh URM admissions are unfair" are actually interested in bettering the social conditions that necessitate URM admissions? )
Please do not feel that I am not attacking you nor trying to make you feel poorly, I was just responding to the general negativity around URM admissions. As an ORM myself, it took a lot of self-education and listening to understand this. I'm sure there will still be people who ignore me and continue to wallow in privilege-induced self-pity, but just doing my part.