In flight medical emergency: Vegas style

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FullThrottle

VFR flying is for rookies
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So I was wrapping up my quick Vegas get-away, had managed to eat 12,000 calories in 3 days, and survived the onslaught of individuals standing on the strip, smacking small "escort" cards on their hands while trying to convince me to get one. "She is just what the doctor ordered" one fellow said. My girlfriend found it funny and irritating that these men would attempt to give me a "business card" right in front of her. I just found it funny. :laugh:

Time for departure... It was night time and as I boarded the aircraft I noted an older women siting in the front next to a man wearing a hat shaped like a condom. It's Vegas...what can I say.

"Flight attendants please be seated for departure" said the pilot. As we lifted off I looked at the strip one last time and wondered... how many zits can potentially spring up on my nose as I looked at my reflection on the aircraft window. My girlfriend said it was time for one of those nose strip things to clear the black heads.

The pilot gets on the overhead 38 minutes into the flight... "Eeeeehhhh, ladies and gentlemen we have reached cruise altitude. Should be a smooth ride, gigidy, and please remain seated with your seat belts on." (OK so I added the gigidy, but I can't help but think about that Family Guy episode where Quagmire is flying the aircraft and is talking on the overhead)

So then, 20 minutes later, just as I started sipping my soda I hear "Is there a doctor, nurse, paramedical on board? We are having a medical situation at the front of the aircraft." So my girlfriend and I just sat there for a couple of seconds and waited...no answer from anyone. We figured, we graduate this month and hopefully we'll be able to recognize sick vs not sick to some extent.

I pushed the call button and the flight attendants acknowledged. We both started making our way to the front of the aircraft and saw the condom hat bobbing arround. "You're kidding me" I thought... "He got stuck in the latex and now can't breath". However, it was the little old lady sitting next to him. She was huffin' and puffin' but alert and able to express her concerns.

"I...feel...out...of...air..." she said. She was the sweet typical gradma that went to Vegas for some fun and excitment. However, she sat there trying to tripod on the wall in front of her breathing fast with her lips pursed. I asked the flight attendent about the oxygen tanks they have on board. Not only did they have supplemental oxygen tanks and ACLS drugs but they had a decent stethoscope, BP Cuff, and gloves. Very nice...as Borat would say. My gf stood guard in case she passed out, coded, etc. We hooked it up and placed the breathing mask on her. Yes... the yellow little cups that go over your mouth that look like playdo containers with the little clear lunch bag hanging from them. I felt like saying...m'am please take eight vital capacity breaths. lol

So she's still working kind of hard to breath but I start getting vitals and collecting information. We find out she was an 80 year old lady with COPD/emphysema for the last 6 years, not on home oxygen, never intubated, quick hospital stay last year for COPD exacerbation, on albuterol tabs, Spiriva, and loratidine. Prior history of cancer surgically addressed with no recurrence. No allergies...last meal 3pm. 70 pack years, quit smoking 4 years ago.

Mean while my gf was working on the history of present illness. Aparently she had been getting progressively more short of breath for the last couple of days, while in Vegas, and got much worst during the flight. No chest pain, headache, dizzyness, abdominal pain, no leg pain...just increased cough from her baseline, with thicker green/yellow sputum. No hemoptysis. She denied ever getting anxious during flights. She denied accidentally swallowing anything down her trachea. Denied swelling of her extremities. Denied fever-like symptoms.

Her BP was 150/80, P 150, RR 38 initially but reduced to 130s/70s, P 100-110, RR 18-24 through the next hour as she sat with the oxygen mask on. She had reduced breath sounds on the left with an initiall bilat expiratory wheeze that was diminishing as time went on. Her cardiac sounds were hard to hear with the roar of the jets but tachy and regular with no apparent murmurs. Only change was decrease in heart rate as time when on. Her trachea was midline... no jvd or neck bruits. Neuro exam was grossly intact. Abd exam...obese pannus, rest normal. Extremities a bit cool, cap refil under 3 seconds. Nail beds and lips were not blue. Neg homan sign... but eh... GCS of 15 througout the flight.

The flight attendants got MedLink on line and explain what was going on. Then the attendants turn to us and ask... "You think we need to divert this flight? I know you guys are 4th year medical students but what do you think?" I was 50/50 (my lack of experience). It was reassuring that she was improving on the supplemental oxygen, breathing slower, and in better spirits. After talking to medlink and talking it over among all of us the decision was made to continue to our final destination and keep her on the oxygen.

Once we landed we were met by first responders who placed her on a monitor. Her SaO2 was 97 percent... whoo hoo

So initially we thought of the following...
- COPD exacerbation
- PE
- Anxiety
- Ischemia/MI
- Pneumothorax

The IMPACT mnemonic came in handy for SOB

On the ground the paramedics administered a quick breathing treatment. She did not want to go the the ED and said she would touch base with the PCP in the morning or have her next of kin drive her to the hospital she usually goes to.

This would have been a good story during interview season, but hey, emergencies are never planned for the perfect moment...

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With productive cough, COPD and decreased breath sounds I'd add pneumonia to the list.
 
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With productive cough, COPD and decreased breath sounds I'd add pneumonia to the list.
Or it could be secondary to a huge bleb. I've seen blebs cause decreased breath sounds. Also on the list are mucus plugs, which she could have.

I would add pneumonia to your list, and take anxiety off. 80 year old women rarely have anxiety attacks. That's best left after you've exhausted all other considerations.

I thought the airlines had albuterol nebs? I know they don't carry ipratropium, but I thought they had albuterol?
 
If her COPD is bad enough it could be simply due to the oxygenation differences at altitude on the plane. Even with a pressurized cabin, it's not the same as sea level and relative partial pressure of oxygen will be significantly lower. Someone without much reserve who sats normally in the low 90s could easily have respiratory distress and low O2 sats (which you were unable to assess given the equipment). I've seen this in CF patients who have to carry or use O2 on flights due to advance lung disease because of this problem.

Add the pressure issue to a possible infectious or inflammatory issue that had been brewing for days per your history and she'd get much worse in the plane then get significantly better once you landed.

Good job, by the way. It's tough being in an isolated environment without any of the equipment we've come to rely on and take for granted.
 
I'm surprised they didn't divert the aircraft for fear of the almighty Mexican/Swine flu. Or perhaps this took place in the pre swine-flu era, when trees were green and children still laughed.
 
Nice story.....

.....but only a med student would find out how many pack years of smoking history she had....
 
randomly I still get pack year's from patients...old habits die hard :)

otherwise...great job! I've had 2 similar episodes and there is moderate pucker factor secondary to nobody else around, and you can make national news by diverting a flight :)
 
So I was wrapping up my quick Vegas get-away, had managed to eat 12,000 calories in 3 days, and survived the onslaught of individuals standing on the strip, smacking small "escort" cards on their hands while trying to convince me to get one. "She is just what the doctor ordered" one fellow said. My girlfriend found it funny and irritating that these men would attempt to give me a "business card" right in front of her. I just found it funny. :laugh:

Time for departure... It was night time and as I boarded the aircraft I noted an older women siting in the front next to a man wearing a hat shaped like a condom. It's Vegas...what can I say.

"Flight attendants please be seated for departure" said the pilot. As we lifted off I looked at the strip one last time and wondered... how many zits can potentially spring up on my nose as I looked at my reflection on the aircraft window. My girlfriend said it was time for one of those nose strip things to clear the black heads.

The pilot gets on the overhead 38 minutes into the flight... "Eeeeehhhh, ladies and gentlemen we have reached cruise altitude. Should be a smooth ride, gigidy, and please remain seated with your seat belts on." (OK so I added the gigidy, but I can't help but think about that Family Guy episode where Quagmire is flying the aircraft and is talking on the overhead)

So then, 20 minutes later, just as I started sipping my soda I hear "Is there a doctor, nurse, paramedical on board? We are having a medical situation at the front of the aircraft." So my girlfriend and I just sat there for a couple of seconds and waited...no answer from anyone. We figured, we graduate this month and hopefully we'll be able to recognize sick vs not sick to some extent.

I pushed the call button and the flight attendants acknowledged. We both started making our way to the front of the aircraft and saw the condom hat bobbing arround. "You're kidding me" I thought... "He got stuck in the latex and now can't breath". However, it was the little old lady sitting next to him. She was huffin' and puffin' but alert and able to express her concerns.

"I...feel...out...of...air..." she said. She was the sweet typical gradma that went to Vegas for some fun and excitment. However, she sat there trying to tripod on the wall in front of her breathing fast with her lips pursed. I asked the flight attendent about the oxygen tanks they have on board. Not only did they have supplemental oxygen tanks and ACLS drugs but they had a decent stethoscope, BP Cuff, and gloves. Very nice...as Borat would say. My gf stood guard in case she passed out, coded, etc. We hooked it up and placed the breathing mask on her. Yes... the yellow little cups that go over your mouth that look like playdo containers with the little clear lunch bag hanging from them. I felt like saying...m'am please take eight vital capacity breaths. lol

So she's still working kind of hard to breath but I start getting vitals and collecting information. We find out she was an 80 year old lady with COPD/emphysema for the last 6 years, not on home oxygen, never intubated, quick hospital stay last year for COPD exacerbation, on albuterol tabs, Spiriva, and loratidine. Prior history of cancer surgically addressed with no recurrence. No allergies...last meal 3pm. 70 pack years, quit smoking 4 years ago.

Mean while my gf was working on the history of present illness. Aparently she had been getting progressively more short of breath for the last couple of days, while in Vegas, and got much worst during the flight. No chest pain, headache, dizzyness, abdominal pain, no leg pain...just increased cough from her baseline, with thicker green/yellow sputum. No hemoptysis. She denied ever getting anxious during flights. She denied accidentally swallowing anything down her trachea. Denied swelling of her extremities. Denied fever-like symptoms.

Her BP was 150/80, P 150, RR 38 initially but reduced to 130s/70s, P 100-110, RR 18-24 through the next hour as she sat with the oxygen mask on. She had reduced breath sounds on the left with an initiall bilat expiratory wheeze that was diminishing as time went on. Her cardiac sounds were hard to hear with the roar of the jets but tachy and regular with no apparent murmurs. Only change was decrease in heart rate as time when on. Her trachea was midline... no jvd or neck bruits. Neuro exam was grossly intact. Abd exam...obese pannus, rest normal. Extremities a bit cool, cap refil under 3 seconds. Nail beds and lips were not blue. Neg homan sign... but eh... GCS of 15 througout the flight.

The flight attendants got MedLink on line and explain what was going on. Then the attendants turn to us and ask... "You think we need to divert this flight? I know you guys are 4th year medical students but what do you think?" I was 50/50 (my lack of experience). It was reassuring that she was improving on the supplemental oxygen, breathing slower, and in better spirits. After talking to medlink and talking it over among all of us the decision was made to continue to our final destination and keep her on the oxygen.

Once we landed we were met by first responders who placed her on a monitor. Her SaO2 was 97 percent... whoo hoo

So initially we thought of the following...
- COPD exacerbation
- PE
- Anxiety
- Ischemia/MI
- Pneumothorax

The IMPACT mnemonic came in handy for SOB

On the ground the paramedics administered a quick breathing treatment. She did not want to go the the ED and said she would touch base with the PCP in the morning or have her next of kin drive her to the hospital she usually goes to.

This would have been a good story during interview season, but hey, emergencies are never planned for the perfect moment...


Good job! Did you and your girlfirend get bumped up to first class and a nicer meal???
 
Hey all,

Sorry I've been MIA... looking for a new apartment in a new city...

To answer the questions...

"IMPACT" mnemonic for potentially fatal SOB (I got it from the EMRA Med student survival booklet):
Inhaled foreign object
MI
Pneumonia, PE, Pneumothorax
Anaphylaxis, Asthma
COPD, CHF, Cardiac Tamponade
Trauma, Tension Pneumo
(I may be missing some)

In regards to Swine flu... YES lol

Albuterol on-board? They did have it. Apparently the flight attendants need to get clearance from the physician on Medlink to proceed since they can not fully confirm if the person helping on board is really a physician, etc.

Bumped to first class?... Unfortunately the flight did not have first class seating. We gave our info. They said we would get something nice. We did get to walk around during turbulence when the seatbelt signs were on without getting yelled at. whoo hoo!

Modified differential
- COPD exacerbation, effects of cabin pressure (8000 feet...aparently the new 787 dreamliner can hold a cabin pressure of 6000 feet since its made of carbon composite material and what not.) Add this to a possible infections, mucous plugs, bronchitis type stuff previously brewing...
- PE, Pneumonia
- Busted bleb, Pneumothorax
- Ischemia/MI

Thanks all...:D
 
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A couple of people have done talks on it. Bottom line:

You can't hear hardly anything with a stethoscope on a plane: engines are too loud.

Limited equipment = limited options. (although on my in-flight emergency, I noticed my med kit had RSI drugs. eek!). It's not the ER, it's more like an emergency in a doctor's office. Ie. even if there is a PTX, what are you going to do? Needle her?

You don't have control regarding landing or diversion. The airline physician does. You can contact him/her by radio.

If you don't get bumped to first class or get serious perks, the airline sucks!
 
A couple of people have done talks on it. Bottom line:

You can't hear hardly anything with a stethoscope on a plane: engines are too loud.

Limited equipment = limited options. (although on my in-flight emergency, I noticed my med kit had RSI drugs. eek!). It's not the ER, it's more like an emergency in a doctor's office. Ie. even if there is a PTX, what are you going to do? Needle her?

You don't have control regarding landing or diversion. The airline physician does. You can contact him/her by radio.

If you don't get bumped to first class or get serious perks, the airline sucks!


I was under the impression that if you accept compensation, including seat upgrades, you lose protection from the Good Samaritan Law.
 
Malpractice is simply rampant in the US.

I compare it to terrorism. If you give in to the terror of terrorism, you're terrorized. Same is true for malpractice. Practice medicine because you're a doctor. If you give into the fear of malpractice, you stop becoming a doctor and start being a tool of the system.

It's out there, everyone's heard of terrible lawsuits and horrible things that have happened, but how many competent docs do you know that have actually really been affected by malpractice? I know of none, even one of my attendings who had been sued 7 times, and once for accepting a radiology call during an ER shift that didn't get followed up and he got dropped for 2 mil. Yes, you have to go to court, yes, it's annoying, but I haven't even heard of any docs losing their license or actually paying out of pocket (who knows, maybe they just don't talk about it)

Don't let the lawyers tell you how to practice medicine.

I tell my residents: practice medicine like a doctor, write charts like a lawyer. Nothing you write on a chart will ever help or hurt a patient (except in the VERY rare case some other MD reads it looking for info) but it can certainly help or hurt you. What you write on a chart has nothing to do with how you practice.

And if I'm going to be *ucking sued for a first class upgrade, sue me. Any bloodthirsty lawyer will wrap himself around the Good Sam laws anyway (we don't have them in NY)
 
I tell my residents: practice medicine like a doctor, write charts like a lawyer. Nothing you write on a chart will ever help or hurt a patient (except in the VERY rare case some other MD reads it looking for info) but it can certainly help or hurt you. What you write on a chart has nothing to do with how you practice.

I think this advice is one of the least talked about, but most important things I learned during residency. Document in detail. If it wasn't documented it didn't happen and you didn't think of it.
 
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