"I think that aa really negates the root of the problem which is a lack of adequate opportunity for urms in primary education, which would require a substantial investment to rectify."
There will never be equality in education. Just like there will never be equality in capitalism.
"Given this reality I can understand some preferantial treatment in college applications. However, I believe that after that the playing field is leveled to a certain extent. We all take the same classes and we all have the same tutors and help centers to go to."
If anything, URMs gain an advantage in universities. There often classes that only URM and "jocks" can take that they essentially get in A in for just showing up. All across the american university system there are tutoring programs that are only for URMs or disadvantaged students. Since an URM can come in from a high income family, and most pre-med URMs I've seen come from middle-class or higher background, they get these additional "perks" yet they are not disadvantaged. Not only that, but professors give exaggerated grades to URMs; there have been a number of Essays written by professors that have done this because they "feel sorry for them." There are also tons of programs set up "just for them."
I wish I had all the studies and cites that show that white professors, both men and women, give URMs exaggerated grades and less criticism than white students. I'm sure anyone in psychology or sociology has come across a number of these studies. My psychology textbook was littered with them("Psychology" 6th ed, David G Meyers)