Re: what's driving the changes in preclinical studying
I think the rise of the semi-standardized "UFAPS" as an alternative curriculum deserves a lot more credit. You now have a clearly delineated body of stuff to master, and you know everyone else is studying this same exact set of resources. Add into this anki, the perfect spaced repetition tool for converting more study hours directly into more high-yield facts memorized, and you've got the perfect storm.
It really feels like an arms race. It's one big competition to see who can grind the hardest to know he closest to 100% of UFAPS. That, I think, is what's driving the whole "step vs wellness" component of the debate. People can be passing their classes fine and be 6+ months away from dedicated, and yet still be plagued every day by a constant sense of study-guilt because they're behind on their anki reviews. There's a pervading sense that if you aren't studying UFAPS on a daily basis, you're falling behind, and I don't think that was the case 5-10 years ago, even with Uworld and First Aid already popular.