Metformin and Metabolic Side Effects

This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, donors, and sponsors. Thank you.

AD04

Full Member
10+ Year Member
Joined
Dec 27, 2011
Messages
610
Reaction score
706
I have not met one attending who prescribes metformin to combat metabolic side effects of our medications.

1. Why isn't it done more often?

2,. If you prescribe metformin, what dose and frequency do you prescribe?

The articles I've read have varied from 500mg - 2500mg per day.

Members don't see this ad.
 
1. Why isn't it done more often?
I'm not used to starting it. Also, the studies suggest a very modest effect overall, so it's not really a wonderful tool.

I have suggested it a few times but only used it once so far.
 
I've never used it myself either. Mostly because I wasn't trained that way in residency. But more so because I try and limit the number of medications I prescribe as much as possible, and I'm just not aware of how big of a benefit metformin really provides in combating metabolic side effects. I guess I need to read up on this more.
 
Members don't see this ad :)
An (young-ish) attending I had this past year does. Perhaps it's trickling down.
 
If I start Zyprexa on someone antipsychotic naive, I’ll start it half the time. Last I reviewed, data is best for weight gain prevention rather than weight loss, so I’ll typically put it on for the first few months and then take it off. However, when I typically start someone on Zyprexa from the get-go, it’s usually because they’re manic in the hospital, so I transition them to something else later, so I typically have a fairly temporary approach to this. No data on that, just clarifying personal preference.
 
  • Like
Reactions: 1 user
Currently the MOBILITY trial is looking at combining metformin with AAP, should be interesting to see the outcome. Check out pcori.org
 
I have not met one attending who prescribes metformin to combat metabolic side effects of our medications.

1. Why isn't it done more often?

2,. If you prescribe metformin, what dose and frequency do you prescribe?

The articles I've read have varied from 500mg - 2500mg per day.

We had a grand rounds on this topic recently, done by one of the endocrinology faculty to discuss management of metabolic side effects from psychotropics. He mentioned this specifically and did recommend it. His recommendation was to start at 500 mg BID and titrate to 1000 mg BID as tolerated while monitoring renal function and looking out for acidosis.
 
  • Like
Reactions: 2 users
Metformin should generally be 1,000mg BID. Any more than that provides minimal/no benefit but with increased diarrhea/gi side effects. Any less than that provides significantly less benefit. All patients, even those with prediabetes, get titrated up to 2g/day by up-to-date internists and endocrinologists. I think starting at 500mg every morning, and then increasing by 500mg every 2-weeks is probably pretty good.

Overall, it is pretty harmless drug, and you do get a significant A1c benefit from it.

You have to have an eGFR >30-40 to be on it, per guidelines due to risk of so-called lactic acidosis, but this is probably a myth.
 
  • Like
Reactions: 2 users

Attachments

  • Metformin Prescribing Flowchart.jpg
    Metformin Prescribing Flowchart.jpg
    202.3 KB · Views: 105
  • Like
Reactions: 3 users
Thanks for posting the article! I stumbled across this yesterday...anyone with more knowledge than myself have any thoughts? It's definitely an interesting take, and I have some questions that the article left unanswered. I haven't bothered to chase down the actual paper from the study, so I'm left wondering exactly what confounders they controlled for, etc. Anyway, just thought it was interesting in light of this thread.

Medscape: Medscape Access

TLDR: austrian study showed that metformin users had a higher incidence of parkinsons and alzheimers
 
I use it more than I would like to in my child and adolescent population. Many of these kids are more susceptible to weight gain than what would be the case for more traditionally weight-neutral medications in adults, including Abilify, Latuda and Geodon. I find metformin has at least modest effect in reducing some of the weight gain and at times helping with weight loss. Thing is, many of these kiddos with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and autism really need to be on atypicals to function. I typically don't start metformin with most antipsychotics because parents are squeamish enough about medications and also given that some seem to have zero metabolic sides whatesoever, anyway.

For kids, depending on their age and size, I gradually titrate to 250mg BID to 500mg BID. For adolescents, I often end up going to 750mg BID over time, as 500mg BID doesn't seem to frequently cut it. Sometimes you have to cut the dosages in half or divide doses throughout the day due to nausea.

Of note, kids and adults typically see an improvement in their lipid profile when taking metformin. When it comes down to it, I'd rather see them on metformin than a statin.
 
  • Like
Reactions: 1 user
I use it more than I would like to in my child and adolescent population. Many of these kids are more susceptible to weight gain than what would be the case for more traditionally weight-neutral medications in adults, including Abilify, Latuda and Geodon. I find metformin has at least modest effect in reducing some of the weight gain and at times helping with weight loss. Thing is, many of these kiddos with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and autism really need to be on atypicals to function. I typically don't start metformin with most antipsychotics because parents are squeamish enough about medications and also given that some seem to have zero metabolic sides whatesoever, anyway.

For kids, depending on their age and size, I gradually titrate to 250mg BID to 500mg BID. For adolescents, I often end up going to 750mg BID over time, as 500mg BID doesn't seem to frequently cut it. Sometimes you have to cut the dosages in half or divide doses throughout the day due to nausea.

Of note, kids and adults typically see an improvement in their lipid profile when taking metformin. When it comes down to it, I'd rather see them on metformin than a statin.

What percentage of your DMDD kids are on atypicals? Are most of them on atypical antipsychotic monotherapy? I usually try an ssri first as I feel they have a much better side effect profile and I’ve had good results with it, and it makes sense to me since DMDD is conceptualized as a depressive disorder anyway.
 
What percentage of your DMDD kids are on atypicals? Are most of them on atypical antipsychotic monotherapy? I usually try an ssri first as I feel they have a much better side effect profile and I’ve had good results with it, and it makes sense to me since DMDD is conceptualized as a depressive disorder anyway.

It depends on how out of control the kid is. Rarely do I see severe cases of DMDD that respond to SSRIs. For more moody kids or anxious kids, sure. For kids who are throwing chairs, clearing classrooms, and having the police called, I haven't seen great results with SSRIs, particularly when there isn't a strong component of anxiety.
 
It depends on how out of control the kid is. Rarely do I see severe cases of DMDD that respond to SSRIs. For more moody kids or anxious kids, sure. For kids who are throwing chairs, clearing classrooms, and having the police called, I haven't seen great results with SSRIs, particularly when there isn't a strong component of anxiety.

What's your go-to atypical?
 
Top