Pill Counter summed it up well. I don't have the latest figures on debt load but it is around 70K I imagine, higher in Ontario where tuition is undergoing deregulation and is now about 18K per year (so the debt load of many of the newest cohorts will be over 100K).
Right now, for all intents, residents are not charged tuition. The "fees" levied by the university are at most a few hundred dollars and the agreement is not to revisit this decision for several years. I am fully aware, as mentioned by another poster, that the discussion of "tuition" for residents refers to a more substantial fee and / or major reduction in salary. The model in Canada is basically the same as the current US system.
However, what I wanted to say was that the universities have tried to push for significant tuition levies in Ontario. It was only through a massive effort by the resident professional association, including direct advertising to the public, that this greedy move by the Universities was stalled.
Staff physicians generally make amounts in Canadian dollars comparable to US physicians of the same specialty in US dollars. However, the buying power of a Canadian dollar is stronger than would be suggested by the conversion factor, so the over quality of life is similar. I would add to PC's figures that interventional rads and Cards can make over 400K, as do certain surgeons (ENT/Plastic/CVTS), and some motivated FM/IMs hit 350k. The system is fee-for-service (i.e. the more you do the more you are paid) but there is only one payer (the province). As PC observes, denied claims and other HMO "fraud" is a lesser issue here. Nevertheless, the potential to make about 20-30% more, coupled with lower taxes prompts many specialists here to seriously consider moving...
Cheers