Properties of Organic Solutions?

[amd123]

1. What is the difference between Solubility and Miscibility?
2. What does the phrase "like dissolve like" ACTUALLY MEAN? Please explain in terms of things like bond types, molecular forces, polarity, pka, etc...
3. Why would a compound like benzophenone be insoluble in water, soluble in methanol, partially soluble in hexane where as biphenyl is partially solube in methanol and soluble only in hexane?

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[Erythropoietin]

1. What is the difference between Solubility and Miscibility?
2. What does the phrase "like dissolve like" ACTUALLY MEAN? Please explain in terms of things like bond types, molecular forces, polarity, pka, etc...
3. Why would a compound like benzophenone be insoluble in water, soluble in methanol, partially soluble in hexane where as biphenyl is partially solube in methanol and soluble only in hexane?

solubility = ability of solute to dissolve into solution
miscibility = ability of liquid to mix into another liquid
like dissolves like: means that if the solvent/solute molecules are structurally similar, then the substance will dissolve in the solvent.
benzophenone = has some polarity, but very low = nonpolar overall = insoluble in h2o
biphenyl = nonpolar

 

[cheesier]

Everything Erythropoietin said. I just wanted to add that like dissolves like means polar solvents dissolve polar solutes, and the same goes for nonpolar solutes and solvents.

 

[amd123]

solubility = ability of solute to dissolve into solution
miscibility = ability of liquid to mix into another liquid
like dissolves like: means that if the solvent/solute molecules are structurally similar, then the substance will dissolve in the solvent.
benzophenone = has some polarity, but very low = nonpolar overall = insoluble in h2o
biphenyl = nonpolar

Are you sure about miscibility?
I was under the assumption that solubility means dissolving into solution but miscibility means that any proportions, two compounds will dissolve.

Why will molecules that are structurally similar (both non polar or both polar) dissolve?
What are the REASONS? Why?

What about organic polar compounds in polar solvents?
Or nonpolar organic solvents in slightly polar BUT MOSTLY NON Polar (2-butanol) solvents?

The reasons behind solubility, what are they????

 

[Pisiform]

Are you sure about miscibility?
I was under the assumption that solubility means dissolving into solution but miscibility means that any proportions, two compounds will dissolve.

Why will molecules that are structurally similar (both non polar or both polar) dissolve?
What are the REASONS? Why?

What about organic polar compounds in polar solvents?
Or nonpolar organic solvents in slightly polar BUT MOSTLY NON Polar (2-butanol) solvents?

The reasons behind solubility, what are they????

LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE. For example, if you are adding a solid solute to a solvent or a liquid solute to a solvent, energy would be required to break the solute-solute and solvent-solvent bond and energy would be released when new solute-solvents bonds are formed. If these two energies (solute-solute, solvent-solvent and solute-solvent) are equal which happens mostly when the solute and the solvent are structurally similar have same dipole interactions and are polar-polar or non-polar/non-polar ... they tend to dissolve.

Don't worry too much about it for the MCAT ... just know the main idea

 

[Erythropoietin]

Are you sure about miscibility?
I was under the assumption that solubility means dissolving into solution but miscibility means that any proportions, two compounds will dissolve.

Why will molecules that are structurally similar (both non polar or both polar) dissolve?
What are the REASONS? Why?

What about organic polar compounds in polar solvents?
Or nonpolar organic solvents in slightly polar BUT MOSTLY NON Polar (2-butanol) solvents?

The reasons behind solubility, what are they????

Well yes that info comes from TBR

 

[amd123]

well yes that info comes from tbr

tbr?

 

[Erythropoietin]

tbr?

Berkeley Review...It's one of the MCAT prep companies but I guess you are asking this for your homework

 

[amd123]

Berkeley Review...It's one of the MCAT prep companies but I guess you are asking this for your homework

no, im asking this for the mcat...