questions

[Jaydent]

hi
could anyone help me figure out the answers to these questions

1 )What is the net charge on glutamic acid at a pH of 1
+2
+1
0
-1
-2

2)complication of peptic ulcer disease that accounts for the majority of the deaths
bleeding
perforation
obstruction
malignancy

3)immunologic injury that i8nvolves the activation of complement as an important event in producing damage to tissue is found in which of the following reactions
delayed type hypersensitivity
anaphylactic type hyprsensitivity
immune complex mediated
antibody dependant cell mediate cytotoxicity

4)each of the following diseases cause malabsorption of fats,proteins and vitamins except
chronic atrophic gastritis
obstructive jaundice
ulcerative colitis
crohns disease
giardiasis

5)cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic fiber s to the eye are located in the
ciliary ganglion
trigeminal ganglion
superior cervical ganglion

thanks

---

Members don't see this ad.

 

[smilein]

hi
could anyone help me figure out the answers to these questions

1 )What is the net charge on glutamic acid at a pH of 1
+2
+1
0
-1
-2 ANS; -2

2)complication of peptic ulcer disease that accounts for the majority of the deaths
bleeding
perforation
obstruction
malignancy ANSERFORATION

3)immunologic injury that i8nvolves the activation of complement as an important event in producing damage to tissue is found in which of the following reactions
delayed type hypersensitivity
anaphylactic type hyprsensitivity
immune complex mediated
antibody dependant cell mediate cytotoxicity ANS:C IMMUNE COMPLEX MEDIATED

4)each of the following diseases cause malabsorption of fats,proteins and vitamins except
chronic atrophic gastritis
obstructive jaundice
ulcerative colitis
crohns disease
giardiasis ANS:GIARDIASIS????

5)cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic fiber s to the eye are located in the
ciliary ganglion
trigeminal ganglion
superior cervical ganglion ANS:A CILLIARYGANGLION

thanks

SOME ONE CORRECT IF I M WRONG

THANQS

 

[Jaydent]

hi smilin
thank you for replying. could you please explain how you came up with the answer for the 1st question
. also in the last question it is asked about the sympathetic post ganglionic fiber- I remember reading somewhere the sympathetic does not synapse in the ciliary ganglion,it just joins the post ganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the oculomotor. so i was wondering if the answer could be the superior cervical ganglion.
what do you think?

 

[inspiron]

5)cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic fiber s to the eye are located in
ciliary ganglion
trigeminal ganglion
superior cervical ganglion

Ans:Superior cervical ganglion

The dilator pupillae is supplied by postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion.

The post-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the ciliary ganglion supply the ciliary muscle and the sphincter pupillae.

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers arising from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus of the oculomotor nerve (CN III) end in the ciliary ganglion.

Post-ganglionic fibers go to the ciliary muscle of the lens (where it regulates the shape of the lens - for accomodation) and to the constrictor muscle of the iris (where it controls enables contriction of the pupil). Short ciliary nerves connect the ciliary ganglion to the back of the eyeball.

 

[Vrnda]

Can someone help with these q??

1. Enamel rods converge as a pass from the dentino enamel junction toward the surface in the area of the
a. cervical line of permanent teeth
b. cervical line of primary teeth
c. incisal edges
d. fissures


2 The main route of calcium excretion from normal human adult is
a. urine ?
b. feces ?

3. Predominant linkages in glycogen between glucose units
a. Alpha 1, 4
b. Alpha 1, 6

Thanks
V

 

[Jaydent]

hi,
thank you for clearing my doubt. Do you know how to come up with the answer for qn no 1
jaydent

 

[inspiron]

1. Enamel rods converge as a pass from the dentino enamel junction toward the surface in the area of the
a. cervical line of permanent teeth
b. cervical line of primary teeth
c. incisal edges
d. fissures

Ans:???????????? b?

2 The main route of calcium excretion from normal human adult is
a. urine ?
b. feces ?

Ans:Feces.

Calcium is excreted mainly in the feces, either as a result of passing
1.through the gut unabsorbed or
2.through biliary or pancreatic secretion into the gut lumen.

Very small amounts of calcium are excreted in the urine as most renally filtered calcium is reabsorbed.
Urinary excretion of calcium is promoted by growth hormone, calcitonin and nonthiazide diuretics, whereas parathyroid hormone, Vitamin D, thiazide diuretics or a decrease in ionized calcium concentration tend to decrease the amount of calcium excreted in the urine.

Ca absorption may be impeded by certain disease states leads to steatorrhea or uremia.
Calcium is actively absorbed, mainly in the duodenum and proximal jejunum. Calcium must be in a soluble, ionized form to be absorbed. Factors such as an acidic intestinal pH, the presence of Vitamin D, and pregnancy and lactation tend to favor calcium absorption.



3. Predominant linkages in glycogen between glucose units
a. Alpha 1, 4
b. Alpha 1, 6

Ans:Alpha 1,4

Monomeric Unit Linkages
Glycogen D-Glucose alpha (1,4)links with alpha(1,6).
Cellulose D-Glucose beta (1,4)
Chitin N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine beta (1,4)
Amylopectin D-Glucose alpha (1,4) links with alpha(1,6) branch
Amylose D-Glucose alpha (1,4)-unbranched polymer
Lactose galactose + glucose beta (1,4)
Sucrose glucose + fructose alpha,beta(1,2)
Maltose glucose + glucose alpha (1,4)

Glycogen and starch are composed entirely of glucose molecules in the alpha configuration in which the principal linkage is between the C1 of one unit and the C4 of the second unit. In addition, both glycogen and one form of starch (amylopectin) contain occasional a (1-6) linkages, in which carbon 1 of one glucose is joined to carbon 6 of a second glucose. These linkages lead to the formation of branches.

 

[Jaydent]

hi
here are a few more questions.
1)what is the mech of action of sIgA?

2) the contact area that is most nearly circular is located on the crown of which of the following premolars?
mesial of 1st
distal of 1st
mesial of 2nd
distal of 2nd

3)similat=rity between mand and max premolars
horizontal dmr
bilaterally symmetrical crown
dissimilar marginal ridges
no transverse ridge

4)cigarette smoking has been linked to all but type of cance
stomach
lung
colon
urinary bladder

5)each of the following is a clinical manifestation of hypoglycemia except one
coma
dizziness
confusion
convulsion
hyperventilation

6)which of the following glucose transporters was responsible for a patients insulin reaction
glut-1
glut-2
glut-3
glut4
glut5
glut6
thanks

 

[jimmyhere]

1. The most susceptible sites in the nervous system for the effects of acute anoxia are the
a. Monitor end-plates
b.sensory receptors
c. synapses in autonomic ganglia
d. Synapses in the central nervous system

2.The blood glucose level in diabetes mellitus is decreased by removal of the
a. gonads
b. thyroid
c. parathyroids
d. anterior pituitary
e. posterier pituitary

3. Reflex after discharge can be explained in terms of the propertied of
a. anterior horns cells
b. afferent nerve fibers
c. neuromuscular junctions
d. intermunical pool circuits
e. none of the above

4.Upon complete hydrogenaion, oleic, linoleic and linoleic acids yield
a. stearic acid
b. nyristic acid
c. palmitoleic acid
d. arachidonic acid
e. multiple acetate fragments

5.in which of the following might the arterial blood pressure be abnormally hight?
a. Cardiac shock
b. Heart failure
c. Anaphylactic shock
d. Cerebrovascular accident
e. Ventricular fibrillation

6.The hemodynaimics of flo in the tooth pulp are most likely analogous to those in the
a. heart
b. lungs
c. cranium
d. liver
e. gut

7.the rate of diffusion of oxygen across the aliveolar capillary membrane is
a.directly propotional to the alveolar volume
b. directly propotional to the functional diffusion surface area
c.indirectly propotional to the alveolar oxygen tension
d. indirectly propotional to the oxygen tension gradient across the diffusion membrane.

8. The subliminal fringe of a motor neuron pool is a useful concept in explaining the phenomenon of
a. direct inhibition
b. reciprocal innervations
c. central facilitations
d. monosynaptic aonduction

9. An enzyme that is activates by epinephrine is
a. hexokinase
b. glucokinase
c. adenyl cyclase
d. phosphofructokinase
e. none of the above

10. A proportionate increase in resistance of afferent and efferent arterioles of the kidney would result in a decrease in
a. both filtration fraction and glomerular filtration rate
b. renal blood flow with no change in glomerular filtration rate
c. glomerular filtration rate with no change in renal blood flow
d. urine output

11.The osmotic pressure of the filtrate at the end of the proximal convoluted tubule is
a. greater than that of plasma
b. much less than that of plasma
c. about the same as that of plasma
d. greater than that of the filtrate in the descending portion of the loop of Henle.

13. In the restign state in man, the average differance between the O2 content of arterial venous blood is
a. 2 volumes per cent
b. 5 volumes per cent
c. 10 volumes per cent
d. 25 volumed per cent

14. One of the most prevalent consequenses assiciated with agening is that
a. collagen is not synthesized
b. there si more cross linking in collagan
c. there is less cross linking in collagan
d. turnover of connective tissue is more rapid
e. None of the above

15.Which of the following is an aid to the kidney in the elimination of hydrogenion?
a. Secretion of sodium
b. Secretion of ammonia
c. Reabsorption of pottassium
d. Reabsorption of bicarboante

17.Blocking the hypothalamic- hypophyseal venous portal system increases the secretion of which of the following?
a. prolactine
b. Oxytocin
c. ACTH
d.TSH

18.Which of the following is secreted more during the absorptive state than during the postabsorptive state?
a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Cortisol
d. Thyroxine
e. Apinephrine

19. The discharge of impulses in smaller motor (fusimotor) neurons innervating muscle spindles serves to
a. inhibit extrafusal muscle contraction
b. sustain extrafusal muscle contraction
c. proetct the muscle from excessive strain
d. inhibit the dischanrge of impulses in large motor fibers
e. inhibit the discharge of impulses in small motor fibers

20. Electronegativity in living cells require that
a. a potential for charge separation exists
b. biologic water assumes a crystalline pattern at the membrane
c. negtive charges outnumber positive charges within the cell's cytoplasm.
d. None f the above

21. A diet rich in tryptophan affsets a deficiency of ehich of the following vitamins?
a. Niacin
b. Thiamine
c. Riboflavin
d. None of the above

22.Reactions that have unfavorable energetics (ie +G) in metabolic pathways may be driven to completion by which of the following processes?
a. Coupling
b. Allosterism
c. Modification
d. Microscopic reversabilty

23. Which of the following is a source of transferable methyl groups in metabolism?
a. Valine
b. Choline
c. Leucine
d. Isoleucine

 

[jimmyhere]

Bump Anyone....

 

[Toshiba]

Jimmy these are very tough questions, I know a few but trying to find answers for as many as I can. and will post them as soon as I can.

21. A diet rich in tryptophan affsets a deficiency of ehich of the following vitamins?
a. Niacin
b. Thiamine
c. Riboflavin
d. None of the above

Ans Niacin

Ans 22) is coupling

Ans 9) adenyle cyclase

 

[anjali_45]

Q14 more cross linking in collagen in aging

 

[anjali_45]

5)each of the following is a clinical manifestation of hypoglycemia except one
coma
dizziness
confusion
convulsion
hyperventilation

hyperventilation


6)which of the following glucose transporters was responsible for a patients insulin reaction
glut-1
glut-2
glut-3
glut4
glut5
glut6

glut 4 in kaplan review notes
thanks[/QUOTE]

 

[anjali_45]

6.The hemodynaimics of flo in the tooth pulp are most likely analogous to those in the
a. heart
b. lungs
c. cranium
d. liver
e. gut
cranium as it is closed circulation


9. An enzyme that is activates by epinephrine is
a. hexokinase
b. glucokinase
c. adenyl cyclase
d. phosphofructokinase
e. none of the above

adenyl cyclase





14. One of the most prevalent consequenses assiciated with agening is that
a. collagen is not synthesized
b. there si more cross linking in collagan
c. there is less cross linking in collagan
d. turnover of connective tissue is more rapid
e. None of the above

B more cross linking in collagen

15.Which of the following is an aid to the kidney in the elimination of hydrogenion?
a. Secretion of sodium
b. Secretion of ammonia
c. Reabsorption of pottassium
d. Reabsorption of bicarboante

secretion of ammonia (old papers)
17.Blocking the hypothalamic- hypophyseal venous portal system increases the secretion of which of the following?
a. prolactine
b. Oxytocin
c. ACTH
d.TSH

Prolactin(old papers)


20. Electronegativity in living cells require that
a. a potential for charge separation exists
b. biologic water assumes a crystalline pattern at the membrane
c. negtive charges outnumber positive charges within the cell's cytoplasm.
d. None f the above
c.

 

[anjali_45]

jimmy question 7
7.the rate of diffusion of oxygen across the aliveolar capillary membrane is
a.directly propotional to the alveolar volume
b. directly propotional to the functional diffusion surface area
c.indirectly propotional to the alveolar oxygen tension
d. indirectly propotional to the oxygen tension gradient across the diffusion membrane.
i think choice D as according to kaplan Vgas= A/T multiply D(P1-P2) where it is says it is indirectl proportional to oxygen tension gradient

 

[anjali_45]

[8. The subliminal fringe of a motor neuron pool is a useful concept in explaining the phenomenon of
a. direct inhibition
b. reciprocal innervations
c. central facilitations
d. monosynaptic aonduction
answer is C i dont know howbut it is old Q papers test packet Creleased 1980

 

[jimmyhere]

One more guys

If an axonal memrane transiently becomes very permeable to Na + ions, then the membrane potential of the cell will approach

a. -70mV
b. -60mV
c. -50mV
d. 0 mV
e. +60 mv

 

[Toshiba]

jimmy question 7
7.the rate of diffusion of oxygen across the aliveolar capillary membrane is
a.directly propotional to the alveolar volume
b. directly propotional to the functional diffusion surface area
c.indirectly propotional to the alveolar oxygen tension
d. indirectly propotional to the oxygen tension gradient across the diffusion membrane.
i think choice D as according to kaplan Vgas= A/T multiply D(P1-P2) where it is says it is indirectl proportional to oxygen tension gradient

Why not b?

 

[anjali_45]

hi
here are a few more questions.
1)what is the mech of action of sIgA?

it binds to surface antigen of microorganism and prevents adhereance or ingress of antigen through the mucosa of respiratory or GI system(decks)

 

[Toshiba]

4.Upon complete hydrogenaion, oleic, linoleic and linoleic acids yield
a. stearic acid
b. nyristic acid
c. palmitoleic acid
d. arachidonic acid
e. multiple acetate fragments
Ans Stearic Acid

5.in which of the following might the arterial blood pressure be abnormally hight?
a. Cardiac shock
b. Heart failure
c. Anaphylactic shock
d. Cerebrovascular accident
e. Ventricular fibrillation

ans heart failure

somebody , there are still more

 

[jimmyhere]

5.in which of the following might the arterial blood pressure be abnormally hight?
a. Cardiac shock
b. Heart failure
c. Anaphylactic shock
d. Cerebrovascular accident
e. Ventricular fibrillation

ans heart failure


I ALSO THOUGHT HEART FAILURE BUT THE ANSWER GIVEN IS CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT....?

 

[Toshiba]

5.in which of the following might the arterial blood pressure be abnormally hight?
a. Cardiac shock
b. Heart failure
c. Anaphylactic shock
d. Cerebrovascular accident
e. Ventricular fibrillation

ans heart failure


I ALSO THOUGHT HEART FAILURE BUT THE ANSWER GIVEN IS CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT....?

A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly interrupted by occlusion (an ischemic stroke- approximately 90% of strokes), by hemorrhage (a hemorrhagic stroke - less than 10% of strokes) or other . Ischemia is a reduction of blood flow most commonly due to occlusion (an obstruction).
On the other hand, hemorrhagic stroke (or intracranial hemorrhage), occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, spilling blood into the spaces surrounding the brain cells or when a cerebral aneurysm ruptures .
A small proportion of strokes are watershed strokes caused by hypoperfusion (usually due to hypotension) or other vascular problems including vasculitis.

High blood pressure also predisposes to cerebral bleeding. Other causes include arteriovenous malformation (cerebral AVM), cerebral aneurysms, trauma and prematurity.

Watershed stroke
As opposed to hemorrhagic stroke or embolic (or other atherogenic) stroke, watershed strokes occur in parts of the brain that lie at the boundary between zones of arterial distribution from different arteries. When there is hypotension from any cause, these watershed areas are more susceptible to damage than other areas of the brain.


From all the above info I think a person is more likely to have a CVS due a clot in one of the vessels 90% and high BP only predisposes to a CVS.
But atheroscerosis in the arteries which is the most common problem these days will cause Congestive heart failure and that will produce high BP.

That means high arterial BP should be the answer.
Is it a question from old exams?

 

[jimmyhere]

A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly interrupted by occlusion (an ischemic stroke- approximately 90% of strokes), by hemorrhage (a hemorrhagic stroke - less than 10% of strokes) or other . Ischemia is a reduction of blood flow most commonly due to occlusion (an obstruction).
On the other hand, hemorrhagic stroke (or intracranial hemorrhage), occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, spilling blood into the spaces surrounding the brain cells or when a cerebral aneurysm ruptures .
A small proportion of strokes are watershed strokes caused by hypoperfusion (usually due to hypotension) or other vascular problems including vasculitis.

High blood pressure also predisposes to cerebral bleeding. Other causes include arteriovenous malformation (cerebral AVM), cerebral aneurysms, trauma and prematurity.

Watershed stroke
As opposed to hemorrhagic stroke or embolic (or other atherogenic) stroke, watershed strokes occur in parts of the brain that lie at the boundary between zones of arterial distribution from different arteries. When there is hypotension from any cause, these watershed areas are more susceptible to damage than other areas of the brain.


From all the above info I think a person is more likely to have a CVS due a clot in one of the vessels 90% and high BP only predisposes to a CVS.
But atheroscerosis in the arteries which is the most common problem these days will cause Congestive heart failure and that will produce high BP.

That means high arterial BP should be the answer.
Is it a question from old exams?

yes frm march 81-question 80
could u explain how u get answer b for question 7??

 

[Toshiba]

7.the rate of diffusion of oxygen across the aliveolar capillary membrane is
a.directly propotional to the alveolar volume
b. directly propotional to the functional diffusion surface area
c.indirectly propotional to the alveolar oxygen tension
d. indirectly propotional to the oxygen tension gradient across the diffusion membrane

reason I chose ans B for this qus. is that its given in the Decks that
The factors that determine how rapidly a gas will pass through the respiratory membrane includes :
a. Thickness of the membrane
b.the surface area of the membrane
c.solubility of the gas in the substance of the memb.
d.the partial pressure difference b/w the two sides of the membrane
The answer to this says All of the above.
So there is nothing which is inversly proportion.
So that means the answer to the above question could only be B

 

[manik khisti]

2.The blood glucose level in diabetes mellitus is decreased by removal of the
a. gonads
b. thyroid
c. parathyroids
d. anterior pituitary
e. posterier pituitary
ans is D. ant. pituitary
as it secrts ACTH which in turn acitvates adrenal cortex to secrets coritsol which causes increse in blood glucose. so the ans is D.

correct me if i m wrong
manik

 

[manik khisti]

23. Which of the following is a source of transferable methyl groups in metabolism?
a. Valine
b. Choline
c. Leucine
d. Isoleucine

ans is B( i decks) choline when converted to betaine is also asource of transferable methyl gp

 

[manik khisti]

19. The discharge of impulses in smaller motor (fusimotor) neurons innervating muscle spindles serves to
a. inhibit extrafusal muscle contraction
b. sustain extrafusal muscle contraction
c. proetct the muscle from excessive strain
d. inhibit the dischanrge of impulses in large motor fibers
e. inhibit the discharge of impulses in small motor fibers
ans is B
since the impulses from muslce spindles due to tension activate alfa motor neurons supplying extrafusal fibers thus causing contaction golgi tendon reacts similar way in responce to tension but it inhibits the alfa neurons causing realxation

 

[manik khisti]

1. The most susceptible sites in the nervous system for the effects of acute anoxia are the
a. Monitor end-plates
b.sensory receptors
c. synapses in autonomic ganglia
d. Synapses in the central nervous system
i guess ans is D. i found this link on anoxia and its effects on myelinated axons in CNS can u plz check this link and get a confirmed ans. because i m not so sure abt the ans. plz post ur reply.

http://www.geocities.com/thjuland/anoxia.html

 

[rtvj]

7.the rate of diffusion of oxygen across the aliveolar capillary membrane is
a.directly propotional to the alveolar volume
b. directly propotional to the functional diffusion surface area
c.indirectly propotional to the alveolar oxygen tension
d. indirectly propotional to the oxygen tension gradient across the diffusion membrane

answer is B
U have to use Fick's law of diffusion which clearly states that
Rate of Diffusion= Surface Area/Thickness * D(P1-P2)
D is diffusion constant and P1-P2 is the pressure difference.
Another formula is
Diffusion=Conc gradient * Surface Area * Solubility/Thickness * Mol weight

So in both formulae..diffusion is directly proportional to Surface area.

 

[rtvj]

Can someone explain why it is Adenyl cylcase..
thanks!

9. An enzyme that is activates by epinephrine is
a. hexokinase
b. glucokinase
c. adenyl cyclase
d. phosphofructokinase
e. none of the above

adenyl cyclase

 

[rtvj]

One more guys

If an axonal memrane transiently becomes very permeable to Na + ions, then the membrane potential of the cell will approach

a. -70mV
b. -60mV
c. -50mV
d. 0 mV
e. +60 mv

ans. 0 mV

RMP is -70 mv.When Na influx is there, depolarization occurs..so the Resting Membrane Potential becomes more positive..as they have said transient...i think the answer is d. 0 mv...becos before the RMP goes towards +60 mv,k+ channels will open to hyperpolarize.

Pls correct if wrong.

 

[rtvj]

can someone explain this?

1 )What is the net charge on glutamic acid at a pH of 1
+2
+1
0
-1
-2 ANS; -2

 

[jimmyhere]

13. In the restign state in man, the average differance between the O2 content of arterial venous blood is
a. 2 volumes per cent
b. 5 volumes per cent--ANS
c. 10 volumes per cent
d. 25 volumed per cent

 

[reet]

hi
i m assuming that everybody is giving exam on 11 july.............jst wanted to ask that has everyone got there admittance card
reet

 

[manik khisti]

hi
i m assuming that everybody is giving exam on 11 july.............jst wanted to ask that has everyone got there admittance card
reet

hi u r right but im giving CBt on 11 th july. i got the admittance ticket
manik

 

[jimmyhere]

ans. 0 mV

RMP is -70 mv.When Na influx is there, depolarization occurs..so the Resting Membrane Potential becomes more positive..as they have said transient...i think the answer is d. 0 mv...becos before the RMP goes towards +60 mv,k+ channels will open to hyperpolarize.

ANS GIVEN IS +60mv
i was searching and this is what i found:

The transient increase in Na+ permeability causes the membrane potential to become even more positive because Na+ rushes in (remember that there is much more Na+ outside a neuron than inside, again as a result of ion pumps). Because of this positive feedback loop, an action potential occurs.The voltage change in the positive direction is called depolarization.it was given that it can reach upto +50mv

 

[Vrnda]

kindly help with these questions...........

Thanks

 

[scha2005]

Please guys..kindly help with these questions...........

Thanks

8.Which of the following structures are glycoproteins assembled for extra cellular use.
a. poly ribosomes
b. golgi apparatus
c. rough ER
d. smooth ER

9.In the neck the phrenic nerve is anterior to which of the following muscles. a. sternohyoid
b. middle scaleny
c. anterior scaleny
d. levator scapulae
e. Inferior belly of homohyoid

10.Sterile cutaneous manifestations are seen in each except one.
a. scarlet fever
b. rheumatic fever
c. tertiary syphilis
d. menengo caucus meningitis
e. staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

11.Which of the following type of food poisoning is best treated by antibiotics.

a. botulism
b. salmonella
c. hepatitis – A
d. Staphyloccocal

12.Each of the diseases may cause malabsorption of vitamins, fats or proteins except one:
a. chronic atrophic gastritis
b. obstructive jaundice
c. ulcerative colitis
d. crohns disease



13.Portal of entry for neisseria meningitis
a. skin
b. lung
c. intestinal tract
d. mucous membrane of trachea
e. mucous membrane of nasopharynx

14.Which of the following can be an endogenous infection.a. syphilis
b. gas gangerene
c. SABE
d. scarlet fever

i had posted answers on other thread

 

[ckrdds]

One more guys

If an axonal memrane transiently becomes very permeable to Na + ions, then the membrane potential of the cell will approach

a. -70mV
b. -60mV
c. -50mV
d. 0 mV
e. +60 mv

answer +60

 

[Vrnda]

Hi ..
KINDLY PLEASE HELP ME OUT WITH THESE QUESTIONS!!!!!!!!!!!!


8. A bone lesion with radiopaque structures radiating from the periphery suggest which of the following:

a. Osteosarcoma
b. Osteoblastoma
c. Multiple myeloma
d. Giant cell tumor
e. Osteitis deformans

9. Which of the following types of necrosis is particularly characteristic of pyogenic infections?

a. Caseous
b. Gummatous
c. Coagulative
d. Liquefactive
e. Enzymatic fat

10. Which of the following is the MOST frequent cause of death for patients who have congestive heart failure?

a. Pneumonia
b. Endocarditis
c. Renal failure
d. Angina pectoris
e. Cerebral hemorrhage

11. The class of a particular antibody determines

a. what pathogen the antibody can bind to
b. the antigenic determinant the antibody binds to
c. the strength of the antibody’s binding to a pathogen
d. the mechanism by which the antibody can eliminate a pathogen
e. the antibody’s ability to associate with l or k light chains.


12. During which of the following stages of viral replication would a virus be susceptible to the secretory IgA?

a. Eclipse
b. Attachment
c. Maturation
d. Viral protein synthesis
e. Viral nucleic acid synthesis

13. After prolonged acidosis, which of the following represents the nitrogenous product that is excreted in high amounts in the urine?

a. Urea
b. Ammonia
c. Uric acid
d. Creatinine
e. Aspartic acid

14. The level of nonprotein nitrogen in the blood is due principally to the level of which of the following:

a. Urea
b. Ammonia
c. Creatine
d. Arginine
e. Uric acid

15. which main product of protein nitrogen metabolism is found in human urine??
a.urea
b.ammonia
c.creatine
d.uric acid
e.creatine

THANKS
V

 

[Vrnda]

KINDLY HELP ME!!!...
THANKS
V

 

[manik khisti]

KINDLY HELP ME!!!...
THANKS
V

8. A bone lesion with radiopaque structures radiating from the periphery suggest which of the following:

a. Osteosarcoma
b. Osteoblastoma
c. Multiple myeloma
d. Giant cell tumor
e. Osteitis deformans

9. Which of the following types of necrosis is particularly characteristic of pyogenic infections?

a. Caseous
b. Gummatous
c. Coagulative
d. Liquefactive
e. Enzymatic fat


ans is A ???
10. Which of the following is the MOST frequent cause of death for patients who have congestive heart failure?

a. Pneumonia
b. Endocarditis
c. Renal failure
d. Angina pectoris
e. Cerebral hemorrhage


ans C
11. The class of a particular antibody determines

a. what pathogen the antibody can bind to
b. the antigenic determinant the antibody binds to
c. the strength of the antibody’s binding to a pathogen
d. the mechanism by which the antibody can eliminate a pathogen
e. the antibody’s ability to associate with l or k light chains.

???????
12. During which of the following stages of viral replication would a virus be susceptible to the secretory IgA?

a. Eclipse
b. Attachment
c. Maturation
d. Viral protein synthesis
e. Viral nucleic acid synthesis


ans B
13. After prolonged acidosis, which of the following represents the nitrogenous product that is excreted in high amounts in the urine?

a. Urea
b. Ammonia
c. Uric acid
d. Creatinine
e. Aspartic acid
ans B ??? not sure


14. The level of nonprotein nitrogen in the blood is due principally to the level of which of the following:

a. Urea
b. Ammonia
c. Creatine
d. Arginine
e. Uric acid


ans is E?????
15. which main product of protein nitrogen metabolism is found in human urine??
a.urea
b.ammonia
c.creatine
d.uric acid
e.creatine


ans A

correct me if i m wrong
manik

 

[manik khisti]

14. The level of nonprotein nitrogen in the blood is due principally to the level of which of the following:

a. Urea
b. Ammonia
c. Creatine
d. Arginine
e. Uric acid
SORRY
the ans shd b A Urea
manik

 

[anjali_45]

8. A bone lesion with radiopaque structures radiating from the periphery suggest which of the following:

a. Osteosarcoma
b. Osteoblastoma
c. Multiple myeloma
d. Giant cell tumor
e. Osteitis deformans
choice a
Osteosarcoma has radiopaque sunburst appearance makes bone hence radiopacity
Giant cell tumor Radiographically these lesions are characterized by an eccentric osteolytic lesion which extends to subchondral bone producing thinning and bony expansion. Margins may be well or poorly defined but periostitis and sclerosis typically are not present.
Osteoblastoma and multiple myeloma are lucent
The x-ray appearance of Pagetic bone reflects the underlying process. Radiographically, it proceeds through a purely lytic phase, a mixed lytic and blastic phase, and a blastic phase.

9. Which of the following types of necrosis is particularly characteristic of pyogenic infections?

a. Caseous
b. Gummatous
c. Coagulative
d. Liquefactive
e. Enzymatic fat
choice D liquefactive necrosis
10. Which of the following is the MOST frequent cause of death for patients who have congestive heart failure?

a. Pneumonia
b. Endocarditis
c. Renal failure
d. Angina pectoris
e. Cerebral hemorrhage
pneumonia

11. The class of a particular antibody determines

a. what pathogen the antibody can bind to
b. the antigenic determinant the antibody binds to
c. the strength of the antibody’s binding to a pathogen
d. the mechanism by which the antibody can eliminate a pathogen
e. the antibody’s ability to associate with l or k light chains.

choice b

 

[anjali_45]

8. A bone lesion with radiopaque structures radiating from the periphery suggest which of the following:

a. Osteosarcoma
b. Osteoblastoma
c. Multiple myeloma
d. Giant cell tumor
e. Osteitis deformans
choice a

9. Which of the following types of necrosis is particularly characteristic of pyogenic infections?

a. Caseous
b. Gummatous
c. Coagulative
d. Liquefactive
e. Enzymatic fat
choice D

10. Which of the following is the MOST frequent cause of death for patients who have congestive heart failure?

a. Pneumonia
b. Endocarditis
c. Renal failure
d. Angina pectoris
e. Cerebral hemorrhage
choice A it is a precipitating factor

11. The class of a particular antibody determines

a. what pathogen the antibody can bind to
b. the antigenic determinant the antibody binds to
c. the strength of the antibody’s binding to a pathogen
d. the mechanism by which the antibody can eliminate a pathogen
e. the antibody’s ability to associate with l or k light chains.

choice B
12. During which of the following stages of viral replication would a virus be susceptible to the secretory IgA?

a. Eclipse
b. Attachment
c. Maturation
d. Viral protein synthesis
e. Viral nucleic acid synthesis
chice B


14. The level of nonprotein nitrogen in the blood is due principally to the level of which of the following:

a. Urea
b. Ammonia
c. Creatine
d. Arginine
e. Uric acid
choice A

15. which main product of protein nitrogen metabolism is found in human urine??
a.urea
b.ammonia
c.creatine
d.uric acid
e.creatine

choice A
please correct me if i am wrong
V[/QUOTE]

 

[anjali_45]

13. After prolonged acidosis, which of the following represents the nitrogenous product that is excreted in high amounts in the urine?

a. Urea
b. Ammonia
c. Uric acid
d. Creatinine
e. Aspartic acid
B

 

[mam6701e]

15.Which of the following is an aid to the kidney in the elimination of hydrogenion?
a. Secretion of sodium
b. Secretion of ammonia
c. Reabsorption of pottassium
d. Reabsorption of bicarboante

17.Blocking the hypothalamic- hypophyseal venous portal system increases the secretion of which of the following?
a. prolactine
b. Oxytocin
c. ACTH
d.TSH

18.Which of the following is secreted more during the absorptive state than during the postabsorptive state?
a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Cortisol
d. Thyroxine
e. Apinephrine

22.Reactions that have unfavorable energetics (ie +G) in metabolic pathways may be driven to completion by which of the following processes?
a. Coupling
b. Allosterism
c. Modification
d. Microscopic reversabilty

15.Which of the following is an aid to the kidney in the elimination of hydrogenion?
a. Secretion of sodium
b. Secretion of ammonia
c. Reabsorption of pottassium
d. Reabsorption of bicarboante

secretion of ammonia coz it got h ions (NH3) ????

17.Blocking the hypothalamic- hypophyseal venous portal system increases the secretion of which of the following?
a. prolactine
b. Oxytocin
c. ACTH
d.TSH

prolactine coz: hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal sistem is in the ant pituitary --------->prolact is under a predominant inhibitory control by the hypothalamus wich means thta prolactin is constantly decreased----->if damaging or bloking the h-h VP system, therefore prolactin increases


18.Which of the following is secreted more during the absorptive state than during the postabsorptive state?
a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Cortisol
d. Thyroxine
e. Apinephrine

insulin ocz: First of all we need to remember that in the energy metabolism are 2 stages:
1.- absorptive stage: which is the one when glucouse in getting into the organism (when we are eating or just ate)----------------> what happen with the glucouse?....it increases-------------> our liver stores glucouse as glycogen (glycogenesis)------>who does this job?..............insulin------------->insulin increases when glucose increases, that way glucose is transforemed into glycogen to be stored.

2.- postabsorptive stage: when we ate hours ago)-------->what happen with the glucouse?....it decreases------------> our liver produces glucouse from fat through actetil coA(gluconeogenesis))------>who does this job?..............glucagon------------->glucagon increases when glucose decreases, that way glucose is created to be used to form ATP to use energy.


22.Reactions that have unfavorable energetics (ie +G) in metabolic pathways may be driven to completion by which of the following processes?
a. Coupling
b. Allosterism
c. Modification
d. Microscopic reversabilty

coupling coz: in kaplan review book says: "coupled reactions system: endergonic teactions in metabolism frewuently proceed by being coupled to an exergonic reaction. Ex: phosphorilation of glucose to glucose 6 phosphate is catalized by hexokinase whihc function is to coupled two reactions so that the formation of glucose 6 phosphate os thermodynamically FAVORABLE"

 

[meverick]

Can someone explain why it is Adenyl cylcase..
thanks!

9. An enzyme that is activates by epinephrine is
a. hexokinase
b. glucokinase
c. adenyl cyclase
d. phosphofructokinase
e. none of the above

adenyl cyclase

it is adenylate cyclase bcas it is a membrane integral protien and it is inhibited by insulin.

 

[Shivali]

here r some more questions. last year 2004 july part 1




1 The requirement for an insect vector in the transmission of human disease is a common characteristics if all the infectious agents included in the genus
a Bedsonia
b Brucella
c Treponema
d Rickettsia
e Mycoplasma

2.A collagenase producing microorganism which has been associated with periodontal disease is
a Bacillus subtilis
b Bacteroides melaninagenicus
c Clostridium perfringes
d Staphylococcus epidermidis

3. Hypothyroidism in adults results in
a myxedema
b gigantism
c cretinism
d acromegaly

4 The most common clinical sign of the kidney disease is
a Hypertension
b Poly urea
c polydipsia
d No urine output

5 The most smallest mutation in DNA is
a Base change
b Translocation of the segment
c Loss of segment

6 If the dead tissue of the body is not cleared then it will lead to
a metastatic calcification
b Dystrophic calcification
c Pus formation

7 Red infarcts are present in
a Lungs
b Brain
c Spleen
d Liver





8 Vagus nerve supplies the
a ascending colon
b descending colon
c Transverse colon
d Sigmoid colon

9 A patient with the chronic subcutaneous swelling over the angle of the mandible associated with intermittent, purulent discharge with sinus tracts. The patient is most probably suffering from
a Herpes zoster
b Tuberculosis
c Actinomycosis
d histoplasmosis

10- Orchitis is the most serious complication associated with
a Mumps
b Measles
c ECHO virus
d parainfluenza virus

11. Systemiv venous congestion is associated with
a :Left side heart failure
b Right side heart failure
c mitral stenosis

12. Serum is plasma without
a Albumin
b Fibrinogen
red Blood Cells
d White blood cells

13. Which Immunoglobulin is present in serum sickness
a Ig A
b Ig G
c Ig M
d Ig E

14, Inhibitory hormone is produced by hypothalamus for
a ADH
b ACTH
c Prolactin
d TSH



15. Which of the Hepatitis is associated with Hepatitis B
a Hepatitis C
b Hepatitis D
c hepatitis E
d Hepatitis G

16. Which of the following gland is completely mucous
a parotid
b Sublingual
c Submandibular
d Von ebner

17. The form of gene transfer without contact is
a Transformation
b conjugation
c Transduction
d Binary Fission

If a patient has severe bone resorption in he lower jaw and a denture was made and after few days the patoient comes with ulcers and the loss of sensation then the nerve affected is
A lingual nerve
B menta;l nerve
C Inferrio alveolar nerve

If the patient has denture and complains thatit has become tight then the most common tumor found in his long bones is
A Osteosarcoma
B adenoma
C Fibroma

In which of the follow9imhg is the three roots can be found
Maxillary first Premolar
Mandibular Canine
Mandibular Central incisor
Mandibular second Premolar

Gastrin
Increase motility
Decrease motility
Don’t affect

The most common organic content of the bone is
Hydroxyapatiue
Collagen
Flourapatite
The fluoride ion is absorbed in
Stomach
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

Histones are produced in which stage of the cell cycle
G1
G2
S
M

Methoitrexate the anticancer drug produces its effect in
G1
S
M
G2

The macrophage of the nervous tissue is
Ependymal cell
Microglial cell
Kuffer cell

The condensed mass of chromatin which doen not transcribe is
Telomer
Centromer
Prozone

Which primary tooth resembles the premolar
Maxillar first molar
Maxillary second molar
Mandibular first molar
Mandibular second molar

Which of the following is not derived from ectomesenchyme
Enamel
Dentin
Pulp
Peroiodontal, ligament
Alveolar bone

Which fibre of theb PDL is the most numerous one
Oblique
Transeptal
Apical
Horizontal
If the left hypoglossal nerve is damged then the tongue moves towardthe
Right side
Left side
Don’t move

Oxyphil cells are present in
Pineal body
Parathyroid gland
Stomach
Thyroid gland

Primary infectiomn of the Herpes simplex is
Lesions on the hard palte
Lesions on soft palate
Buccal mucosa
Subclinical

The protein histones
Surround DNA
DNA surrouns histone
No histiones present in DNA
Histones are present as different proteins


The most common characteristics of the protein forming cells is
RER
SER
More DNA

The Ca ions release din ,mucle contraction binds to
Troponin I
TroponionC
Myosin

The calcification ofv permanent first molar starts at
3 months in utero
6 months in utero
at birth

The cofactor required for reduction reactions is
NAD.
FAD
Biotin
Pyridoxal phosphate


Which of the following is common in FAD and NAD
Adenine
Alanine
Adenosine

Cellular Cementum has
Lacunae
Canaliculi
Cementoblasts

Triple Helix structure is found in
Collagen
Elastin
Actin
Myosin

Which is the amino acid preresent at its third position in the collagen
Praline
Glycine
Tyrosine

Diploid no. of chromosomes in somatic cells is maintained by
Mitosis
Fission
Meiosis

Prostaglandins r produced from Arachidonic acid by
COX 1
COX 2
Lymphokinase

The bactericidal drugs act on which phase
Exponentiual phase
Lag phase
Stationary phase
Death phase

Bone resoprtion called as osteocytic osteolysis is caused
At the periphery by osteoclast
Surrounbding the lacunae by asteoclests
The osteoclasts move through blood to the capillaries and resorb the bone

Flaccid paralysis of the stylopharyngeous muscle is caused by twhich nerve
IX
X
XI
Which nerves passes through the jugular foramina

IX X XI
X XI XII
VIII IX X

A patient hgas a normal head size but the body is small then the patient is suffering from
Achondroplasia
Sjogrens syndrome
Pagets disease

When the engineers check foir the purity of water the the y check for which organism
E coli
Shigella
Giardsia

Ansa Cervicalis supplies
Infrahyoid muscles
SUprahyoid muscle
Muscles of mastication

Fascia of the parotid and the submandibular gland is derived from
Superficial fascia
Deep fascia
Carotid sheath

Whicxh branch of ECA is not present in carotid triangle
Superficial temporal
Maxillary
Ascending pharynx

Which is the first brach of the subclavian artery
Vertebral

Sigmoid sinus drains into
Transverse sinus
Pertrosal sinus
Internal jugular vein

The nucleus of which nerve lies in the dorsal area of the pons
III
IV
V
VI
VII

Cementum is linked to bone by
Sharpeys fibres
Collagen fibres
Elastin fibres

The nonarticulating surfaces of TMJ is covered with
Synovial membrane
Fibrocarti;age
Hyaline cartilage

Which of the following is not present in the posterior mediastinum
Phrenic nerve
Thoracic duct
Aorta
Trachea

Which epithelium lienes the maxillary sinus
Pseudostratified
Transitional
Simple columnar
Cuboidal

Most common cause of death in US people
Ischaemic heart disease
Hypertensive haeart disease
Carcinoma
Leukaemia

The aea above the vocal cords is supplied by
Recurrenbt laryngeal
Superior laryngeal
Inferior laryngeal

Which of the following is not present in the parotid gland
Retromandibular vein
ECA
Facial vein
Superficial temporal vein

Floor of the mouh is formed by
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid



The lung cancer is most commonly found in
Brochiolar epithelium of the lung
Bronchi
Alveoli

Sudden arrest of heart is called as
Cardiac temponade
Cor pulmonale
Heart attack

The decrease in the maxillary vestibule while opening is because of
Condylar process
Coronoid process

On the nomn working side in ideal occlusion interfering contact on posterior tioth will be located on which incline of which cusp
Outer guiding
Imnner guiding
Outer supporting
Inner supporting

Posterior one third of the tongue is developed from
First brachial arch
Second brachial arch
Third brachial arch
Fifth brachial arch

Which artery doesnot follow its nerve course
Lingual
Facial
Inferior alveaolar

 

[Inshaa]

here are some answers,plz someone correct these iif wrong or confirm it thx
1)a
2)b
3)myxedema
4)hypertension
5)base change
6)c
7)c
9)c
10)a
11)b
12)b
13)b
14)c
15)d
16)b
17)b
18)b
19)a
20)a