The basic reason behind the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle is that when scientists attempt to measure the position of an electron, such a high resolution is required that it disturbs the system, causing the momentum to be disturbed and thus not allowing the momentum to be accurately measured. This arises from the fact that an electron has both wave and particle properties. Because of the wave properties, an attempt to measure the electron's momentum only results in an inaccurate measure of the electron's position as the electron is essentially moving at the speed of light (3 x 10^8 m/s).
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Sachin