Honestly I have no idea what you're talking about. What physicians do you know that are practicing non-evidence based medicine for profit? I know a few that are 10 years out of date, and a handful of pill mills, but pretty much everyone I have been exposed to in the community is selling real, evidence based medicine. Can you give some examples of what you are seeing?
Cardiologists performing non-heart based caths. If I had to guess, ~50-60% of the lower extremity endovascular work that I have seen performed by community based cardiologists is completely unwarranted. Maybe could excuse the diagnostic work, but the number of people with stents in places they should not be or for the wrong reasons is astounding. The reimbursement difference between diagnostic vs. PTA is so high that I have watched with my own eyes physicians choosing to PTA lesions that are in no way flow limiting. I could write an entire essay on this one, but won't. Vascular surgeons are guilty of this as well, as are IR, but not nearly to the same extent.
Interventional nephrology. We have good data to show that pre-emptive PTA is not beneficial in working AV access, but you will find centers left and right performing q3month "fistulagram to make sure everything is okay", why? Because the global period is 90 days, so they can bill for another procedure at 90 days. Same issue as with cardiology, you get paid a lot less for performing just an fgram, so the number of PTA and stenting is absurd.
Nephrologists and dialysis centers? While most of the attention is paid to David/Fresenious and non-physician greed, lets not pretend that the dialysis units owned by or owned by proxy are clean. When you control the patients, where they go, their treatment and directly benefit financially, there are serious issues. The number of patients I have come across that have been pushed away from transplant by nephrologists is astounding.
Vein clinics. Vascular surgeons are big in this, but so are IR, internal medicine, Derm, really anyone that figures out that they can invest 50k in a laser and can burn every GSV that comes into their office. If you go into a vein clinic, they will tell you that you need your vein ablated. Even if it isn't refluxing. Even if you have zero signs of venous insufficiency. Even if you haven't had the common insurance mandated 3 month trial of compression stockings. They will recommend to get your vein ablated. I have had several patients lose their bypass options because a vein that I personally duplexed was ablated in patients with ARTERIAL disease.
How about peritoneal dialysis? Far less profitable for people performing the procedure, but a viable options for many and often the better option. Patients are routinely not told about it and our numbers compared to every other country in the world shows this.
Atherectomy? (anyone doing PAD)
IVC filters?
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy?
Follow reimbursement changes and you will see remarkable correlation with what people are doing. All of us focus on our niche and most of us don't know what we don't know. I am sure there are many arenas in medicine that I have zero exposure and zero concept of how people exploit it. I certainly know that vascular surgeons are far from immune from this and even asking more academic or more grounded physicians, why they don't do something about it or say anything, it is because they will lose their referrals from those physicians. I have found that when I don't understand why a physician did something in the community, the best and first question to ask is, "who benefits financially from this?" The majority of the time, it makes a heck of a lot more sense afterwards. I'm sure that I am over calling things based on my own internal biases, but given how many other obvious examples there are and basic human nature, I find it ridiculous that physicians think that somehow physicians (and only physicians) are immune to this.
This isn't about people performing "non-EBM" medicine, the vast majority of medicine (or at least surgery/procedures) is not backed by randomized clinical trials. There is always a certain amount of physician discretion that goes into this. And that discretion is heavily influenced by industry and financial incentives from the government and insurance companies.