What questions to ask interviewers and residents?

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microshar88

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Hi,
I'm a little nervous about my interview coming up this week and I was wondering what types of questions have ya'll been asking? I can find a good decent chunk of it in the website and on SDN. But I don't want to come out as sounding lazy or a poor future resident about asking about call and home life.

Also, I asked this in another thread, but is it ok to wear a dress shirt to the pre-interview dinner? I got an answer of polo shirt is acceptable, but its going to be raining so I don't want to get something that'll make me cold.

thanks

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wear whatever you like no one cares. I would suggest smart casual is a nice balance but also this depends on the where interview is, emphasis on casual on west coast. as long as you don't look homeless and are well groomed it's fine. i had my carefully cultivated pornstache for pre-interview (shaved off for the actual interview) it was a nice talking point.

Questions:
- what questions do you have for me? (you need to have LOTS of questions to ask your interviewers or things will get stagnant.)
-also be able to explain everything in your application including red flags). Questions asked should show some familiarity with the program, with psychiatry, and showcase your interests, abilities, talents etc.

Legit questions:
- What are the didactics like? are they protected? do residents have to answer pages or tend to clinical activities during didactics? are they well attended?

- how does supervision work? (there should be 2 hours a week of supervision during inpatient months - so if they suggest less be suspicious) - is there a good choice of supervisors? Are all supervisors MDs or are their psychologists supervising too? in what modalities is supervision available? (e.g. dynamic, CBT, supportive, IPT, psychopharm, CPT, DBT, hypnosis) (3/4 of my supervisors are psychologists and they tend to be more thoughtful and actually have training in how to supervise which is nice)

- are there patient caps on inpatient teams? how many patients do interns/residents carry? are they caps on admissions for calls? how many admits will residents typically do per shift?

- how does call work? is there home call? if so, is it really at home, or do residents have to be at the hospital more often than not? how is call supervised? what is the culture like in terms of calling attendings? is this encouraged or frowned upon? are weekends off or do you cover the inpatient units? do you keep your pager on all the time and expect to receive calls or does this go to an on-call service after hours? is the pager long-range (i.e. do you have to carry it out of state) or only local? is there back-up call and how does this work? do residents of back-up get paid if they have to come in?

- how good is the ancillary support? do social workers help you out on the wards and on call? are residents responsible for all pts in the ED or do social workers see all the patients first? do residents have to spend much time getting prior authorization for hospitalization, getting records from providers, finding shelter beds, making outpatient appointments? Do nurses other staff do lab draws etc or do residents end up doing this?

- do attendings help out with the notes? (e.g. attendings write notes 2x week at my program) do attendings help divide the work load? are attendings available for support/consultation and easily reachable?

- what is the work load like in terms of balance between education/service requirements? do attendings teach on rounds typically? is there pre-rounding?

- what is the culture like in terms of seeing patients overnight? (i.e. do you have to see all patients or not)

- do residents get good experience using TCAs, MAOIs, lithium, clozapine? (at most programs residents do not get any exposure to MAOIs, at many little/no with TCAs, and lithium and clozapine are often under-emphasized at many training programs)

- what are the minimum psychotherapy requirements in terms of cases seen? is there experience in group psychotherapy, family therapy, and couples therapy?

- is there the opportunity to learn treatments for personality disorder (e.g. DBT, mentalization-based treatment, schema-focused therapy?)

- what is the community psychiatry experience like? what kind of recovery oriented practices does the institution implement? are their peer-support workers? do residents have opportunity to learn social skills training, family work, CBT for schizophrenia? do they have opportunity to be part of PACT/ACT teams, do rehabilitation or recovery rotations?
-do residents get experience ordering and utilizing EEGs, MRIs, DaT and SPECT scans? (for dementia etc)

- is there access to psychological testing and neuropsychology? how much exposure to psychology/psychologists do residents have for team work, shared care, teaching, supervision?

- how good addictions exposure do residents get? do residents have opportunity to use methadone maintenance, suboxone, naltrexone (po and IM), antabuse, acamprosate etc? do residents get exposure to 12-step facilitation, CBT for relapse prevention, motivational interviewing? is there good exposure to detox both inpatient and outpatient? do residents get chance to use more novel interventions such as gabapentin, carbamazepine, divalproex in alcohol withdrawal? or more old school things like phenobarbital?

- do residents get exposure to evidence based treatments for PTSD such as prolonged exposure or cognitive processing therapy?

- is there decent child psychiatry exposure? do residents get a feel for a developmental approach? is there decent exposure to child and adult ADHD? what about how comfortable are people managing patients with intellectual disability and autistic spectrum disorders? are there opportunities for adult residents to get exposure in child psychotherapy (play therapy, TF-CBT, psychodynamic psychotherapy) - are there programs in PCIT, multisystemic psychotherapy, parent support groups/skills groups?

- are there opportunities to learn

- do residents have opportunity to read? are articles routinely provided by attendings, supervisors, for didactics? is there journal club? are more interesting readings provided (e.g. NYT or Atlantic articles? poetry, prose, plays etc?)

- is there a culture of evidence base practice here? do attendings explain or discuss the evidence base for their patient care decisions?

- do residents get exposure to using ECT? do they have appropriate cases for the ECT service?

- what is the patient diversity like? is there a good interpreter service? Is there good exposure to different ethnic/racial groups, patient populations, socioeconomic status, sexual minorities? different psychopathology from mild to wild?

- do residents get exposure to more uncommon psychiatric syndromes? (e.g. catatonia, delirious mania, Capgras syndrome, De Clerembault syndrome, morbid jealousy, FTD, autoimmune limbic encephalitis, Ganser syndrome, cerebral lupus etc)

- what are resident/faculty relations like? is resident feedback welcome, solicited and most importantly, acted upon?

- what is the forensic psychiatry experience like? are their opportunities for jail/prison rotations? is there a state hospital experience?

- what kind of elective opportunities are available? is it possible to do away electives at other programs, especially if wishing to do fellowship there? is it possible to do international electives? how much elective time is there and does this ever get lost for service requirements?

- are there opportunities for residents to get experience in pain medicine, sleep medicine, hospice and palliative medicine?

- do residents get to see interesting cases of the weird and wonderful?

- how is psychiatry regarded by the institution? is the service welcomed? are their threats to funding/security? any discussion of bed closures or downsizing of services?
- are faculty well supported here? is there good faculty retention here? if there has been a high turnover, how is the program handling this? is good faculty mentoring available? (important because **** flows down so if the faculty are poorly treated you will be at mercy too)

- what inhouse moonlighting opportunities are available? what about other moonlighting opportunities? is this frowned upon? are there requirements for residents to moonlight? (some programs use PRITE percentile as condition for moonlighting, though they wont be able to do this after 2016 as the percentile wont be reported so this may be a moot point for you)

- how much educational/professional leave is available? (for example I had 4 weeks of educational leave last year)

- how easy is it to schedule vacation? can you schedule or is this something that is pre-set by the program? do residents ever have vacation requests denied? are residents allowed to take full weeks off at a time? (some programs dont allow all weeks to be taken as full weeks) can residents take several weeks off at a time?

- is the program supportive of maternity leave? how does this work? how many residents typically are on maternity leave in a given year? (this is important even for men for several reasons: it gives you a sense of how supportive program is in general, and also if all the residents are off on maternity leave then you might be left covering additional call! be warned!)

- what kinds of jobs do residents get after graduation? is there a preferred route for graduates of this program (e.g. academics, research, community, managed care, group PP, individual PP, med mx only, psychotherapy only etc)

you might want to rephrase some of these so they are not confrontational but these are the kinds of things you want to find out.
 
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Firstly, I would stop worrying so much. You would come across as lazy not by the content of the questions you ask so much as by your tone and phrasing of the questions.

Secondly, what matters to you in a residency program may be different than what matters to others. It took me a few interviews to get a feel for the ways in which programs can differ, and then I had to try to figure out which of those differences I thought I would prefer.

You can ask questions from the above list, but those might not be the things that actually matter to you. Sure, you want to be sure that you're not at a malignant program or one that leaves you inadequately prepared for the future, but after that it's more down to personal factors.
 
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Firstly, I would stop worrying so much. You would come across as lazy not by the content of the questions you ask so much as by your tone and phrasing of the questions.

Secondly, what matters to you in a residency program may be different than what matters to others. It took me a few interviews to get a feel for the ways in which programs can differ, and then I had to try to figure out which of those differences I thought I would prefer.

You can ask questions from the above list, but those might not be the things that actually matter to you. Sure, you want to be sure that you're not at a malignant program or one that leaves you inadequately prepared for the future, but after that it's more down to personal factors.

Agreed. The most common question you will get is, "do you have any other questions?" After a few interviews, I stopped trying to force things and just let the conversation flow. Regarding most of those above questions, I doubt that very many applicants would truly understand the implications of the answers and how they impact training until actually going through residency. I definitely didn't have that clairvoyance, and when I asked those questions in a rote manner, the answers AT THAT TIME seemed equivocal.

Sometimes I would just let the interview end early (one of my interviews ended 15 mins early... and this was with the associate PD at the program at which I ended up ranking #1 and subsequently matching). If the interviews were in an attending's office, I would notice things in the office as a way to strike conversation IF IT INTERESTED ME (ie, not to force conversation). For example, I would notice memorabilia of a certain college/pro football/basketball team, and I would start a conversation about college/pro football/basketball, not because it would make me "look good," but because it made the discussion enjoyable. Plus, people who go into psychiatry generally don't know anything about/care about sports, so I'm guessing it made me stand out somewhat, though I generally steered the conversation in that direction because I wanted to talk about sports, which again, is better than forcing pre formed questions to elicit answers about things that most applicants can't really appreciate.

And regarding attire for the pre interview dinner, you are safe in a dress shirt, slacks/nice jeans (depending on the restaurant), +/- sport coat.
 
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i had my carefully cultivated pornstache for pre-interview (shaved off for the actual interview) it was a nice talking point.
Nice! ;)

Great posts above!

At pre-interview gatherings, pay attention to see if you like the residents, and if they are supportive and interested in helping new residents. A lot of the time I learned more from senior residents in residency than I did the attending physicians, because they could relate to my level better. Note how tired or stressed or relaxed they are. Can you see yourself fitting in with this group with only a little effort?

You could ask "Would you come to this program again if you were suddenly in my shoes? " then "Why?"
Also, "I know no program is perfect, what areas are they working on around here? How could incoming residents help improve things?"
 
@splik's list above is pretty incredible, but here are a few that are my go-tos. I also think it's important to be sure that you address specific questions to the appropriate people. For example, we were advised (and this makes sense to me) that asking the PD about day-to-day aspects of being a resident (e.g., "what's the call schedule like," "do we get meals covered," etc.) is likely to not get you the best answers and also reflects somewhat poorly on you. Things that I've asked:

Residents:
-What are your interactions with attendings like? When you're on service, what are your typical responsibilities?
-Do you feel sufficiently autonomous given your level of training?
-Are vacation times pre-determined or do you have some ability to choose your time off?
-What is the greatest strength of the program from your perspective so far?
-What aspect of the program stands to be most improved from your perspective so far?
-How involved are you with medical student education? (this may or may not matter to you, but medical education is an important interest for me personally, so it's something I like to ask about)
-How much of your time goes toward non-clinical work (e.g., arranging transfers, gathering collateral, etc. etc.)?
-Do you spend time with your co-residents outside of the hospital?
-Does the program seem responsive to your feedback, and are changes made quickly?

Faculty:
-What role does the resident play on your team when you're on service? (you might be surprised at what some people say)

PD (or similar position):
-What do your residents do after graduation?
-What qualities do you look for in your residents? (I find this question can provide some insight into a program's culture and their focus educationally)

The list above really is pretty strong, though. I always find it difficult to come up with meaningful, intelligent questions to ask faculty/PDs since I'm still relatively "new" in terms of interviewing, but I find the residents can provide a wealth of information about the program, particularly if you pay attention to what isn't being said and reading between the lines.
 
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thank you so much for the wealth of information you guys have given me in this thread!

i think ill need to bring a notepad to write things down on lol
 
Would it be bad to bring a notepad during interview? Maybe it may be seen as you avoiding eye contact...loL I'm probably analyzing way too hard
 
Would it be bad to bring a notepad during interview? Maybe it may be seen as you avoiding eye contact...loL I'm probably analyzing way too hard

I decided to be a "cool guy" and buy one of those leather folio things for interviews. I would definitely write down questions if you might have trouble remembering them (like me). I write down questions divided by who's interviewing my exactly as I do above. I also jot down any notes about the program that might be useful and read those over beforehand.

I don't think any of this is strictly necessary, but I find that it helps me when the inevitable "why this program?" question comes up.
 
Some other important questions that were in my staple during the interview season:

1. Have any residents left the program for any reason in the recent past? (best asked during lunch with residents)

2. What is the approximate patient dropout rate in psychotherapy? (since long term psychotherapy experience is hugely important)

3. If you could change three things about the program, what would they be? (best asked in individual settings)

4. Are there protected research time if you are not on the research track? (since you never know when you might get interested in research)

5. What is your favorite restaurant/food in the city? It could be followed up with: how good are the hospital cafeteria food compared to that?​
 
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I think you can break the questions up into general domains, within which you can come up with your own ideas.
  1. Program flexibility - how much can the program accommodate your interests? This can range from "How much elective time is there?" to "What's the coolest things residents have done within the program?" Basically, does the program have a rigid dogma that has to be followed or is their some wiggle room to get what you want.
  2. Support - how much does the program support its residents? This can range from mentorship to supervision to whether or not there's a senior resident available when you're on call. Maybe something as simple as "Do residents have the program director's cell phone number stored on their phone?" or "How quickly do attending's respond to email"
  3. Academic opportunity - Dovetails a little with #1. Not only do you want to get a sense of what sort of research is going on at the institution, but how available is it to the residents. Do the big names seek out residents for their help or do you have to grovel and beg?
  4. Clinical exposure - I would first try to get BROAD sense of your interests, and go from there. Interested in schizophrenia? Then do some research to see where and how people with schizophrenia get treated. Does the program offer exposure to a day treatment program? Some mobile community services? Homeless or prison systems? Interested in psychoanalysis? See if the program has any affiliation with an analytic institute, get a sense of how many supervisors there are.
The idea isn't to commit to a certain path, but to show that you've done some sort of research that informs your question.
 
Replying to this thread for future reference.
 
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