reflex

Just out of interest, if the vagus is damaged in children, then obviously the pulmonary stretch receptors lose innervation and they can't promote expiration in over-stretch, but does that mean that elastic tissue is also damaged as the lung only deflates at a normal rate, or can the Botzinger...

So I got a Kaplan question saying that Ach administration INCREASES heart rate? I now get the mechanism they're going for. Ach --> peripheral vasodilation --> reflex tachycardia. But...like...what about the M2 muscarinic receptor on the heart?? Wouldn't Ach directly cause bradycardia by acting...