Oh fun, good follow-up questions. Allow me to answer:
1. So since all presentations go through the senior resident, what role do the attendings play? Do they hear each case from the senior and also see the patient? Does this format lead to only the senior residents getting to know the attendings or do the other residents present twice?
Well, first a little more about the organization of the BI ED. It is split into two basic areas, the core (sick patients) and the periphery (less sick patients). A lot of places are like this. Trauma Bays are attached to the core. Psych rooms attached to the periphery. There is one attending in each area.
The periphery is staffed, in addition to the one attending, by (usually) 3 interns. Generally one or two of these is an off-service rotator (IM, Gsurg, Ob.Gyn, podiatry). Sometimes an EM PGY2 is out in the periphery, in place of a tern. I haven't seen an EM3 out there, but I guess it could happen. When I, as an EM1, work out there I present directly to the attending. I basically get to pick up a couple charts, see the patients, order things, cause trouble, and then go present. Less sick patients are usually out in the periphery, but you certainly see some sick ones, be it due to mis-triage, high overall acuity, or the fact the positive pressure neutrapenic rooms are out there. People certainly get admitted to the ICU from the periphery, though we try to avoid tubing or coding people there
🙂 Lots of 1-on-1 time with the attendings to get to know them.
Now in the core, the organization is attending + EM3 running the show, EM2 doing all the hard work, IM senior helping out, and then random others (EM1, off-service juniors) doing what they can. Each EM3 and attending has a different style, but most often when I work out there it goes like this: I grab the next chart up, see the patient, get some orders going, and go present. Often the EM3 and the attending are sitting/standing next to each other, so I can kinda present to both at once. Often, before I even saw the patient, the EM3 sprinted by the room to get the gestalt of the case. Sometimes I just present to the EM3 and they let the attending know later. If the EM3 is busy doing something (say a procedure or a trauma) I might run the case by the attending and get things moving and catch the EM3 up in a few minutes. It all sounds more complicated than it is... in the end, I rarely double-present cases, and I certainly get time to talk to attendings directly.
On a related note, we have two "away" ED rotations during intern year, one at Children's Hospital Boston (which is right across the street), and one at a BI-affiliate in Needham. At Children's you present directly to attendings and get to know them well. At Needham, it is you (the intern) and the attending and 10 beds. And a couple nurses. You certainly get plenty of alone time there.
2. Since the 2nd years "get all the sick patients", do the interns see a high enough degree of acuity during the first year (ie, 3s and some 2s) or are they basically stuck on fast track? And does not working nights (although nice) detract from the diversity you see in the ED?
Interns work about 2/3+ shifts out in the periphery, and 1/3- shifts in the core (guesstimation). So of course, interns have a less acute overall population than the EM2s, who are doing 90% core shifts. That said, it is a natural progression in your education to start with sick patients and move to horribly sick patients. As an intern I am very content that I get sick people to take care of. My first core shift I was throwing patients on CPAP, getting nitrous drips running, and managing septic patients. Granted I probably only saw 3 patients that shift
😉 The second year is expected to handle multiple critically ill patients at once. As an EM1 I've gotten the exact same patients, but with my EM3 watching my back/helping me as need. I think my seniors/attendings have done a great job challenging me as the year progresses with more responsibility, especially by pushing me to take more patients, sicker patients, and to let me do more on my own. Also, since EM is know as a strong residency here, I have frequently been given a lot of responsibility for sick patients during my off-service rotations. And trust me, if someone crumps on the medicine wards (or better yet, up on labor and delivery), they expect the EM intern to know/do something
😉
As far as not working the overnights, EM1s (when in the department) generally work shifts like 10a-9p, 3p-11p, etc. This corresponds to the peak demand times at BI. I don't think I'm missing any special pathology that comes in at 3am only. While on some off-services (Trauma, Plastics, OB-Gyn) you do some combination of nights or overnights and hang out in the department then... and besides a couple more drunks, I don't think I'm missing anything specific.
3. Speaking of diversity, you mentioned Boston is not very diverse. Is this reflected in the patient population in terms of cultural differences and the types of diseases you see?
Well, i'm not sure what my more-seasoned colleague meant by not very diverse. Boston is a pretty open-minded town. The bars close a bit early for my tastes...
Clinically, I frequently see patients who speak other languages. I see a fair number of weird diseases. BI's population is not hugely diverse, mostly consisting of Caucasians, with a largely than usual Jewish and Russian population, also seeing a fair number of Spanish-speakers and Cape Verdeans. I don't think you can compare it to, say, Elmhurst. But I think it does better than, say, Gainesville (where I went to med school) in regards to diversity.
Pardon the lengthy answers, but I hope they answered your questions!