I am a board eligible orthodontist. There are only about 5-10 percent of all orthodontists who are actually board certified.
To be BOARD ELIGIBLE, you must complete 2 or 3 years of ortho. training in an accredited program. After that, you take a written board exam. If you pass the exam, you are board eligible. This means that you are eligible to take the board ceritified exam, which I will mention in the next paragraph.
To be BOARD CERTIFIED, you have to complete the above step. You must then present 10 orthodontic cases that you treated (not somebody else's cases)in front of the board panel. If you pass, you are board certified or you become an ABO diplomate. So all board certified orthodontists ususally have 5-10 year working experience in order to collect these 10 clinical cases. For more info., visit americanboardortho.com
Most orthodontists and I, myself, don't really care about being eligible nor certified. As long as you earn the orthodontic certificate from a 2 or 3 year accredited ortho. program, you can practice orthodontics and can call yourself orthodontist. However, if you are applying for a director job at ortho. school you must be board certified.
Now, in California, any licensed dentist can do ortho. treatment if he or she knows how. The same is true for orthodontist. As an orthodontist, I can do ortho. plus all other tasks (endo., perio, oral surgery, fillings). There is no restriction what so ever. However, all orthodontists don't do general dentistry stuffs because we don't want to compete against our general dentist friends. Remember, we, specialists need general dentists' referrals to survive. So I usually send my patients back to their dentists for ortho. extractions and fillings. Also, it is more fun to do ortho....why would I want to do something else? Hope this helps.🙂
PS: I've just found out that the ABO has reduced the number clinical cases to 6 (from 10). It appears that there are less and less orthodontists applying for ABO certified exam so the board tries to make it easier. Sadly, no ortho out there care.... they are too busy playing golf.