Competitiveness of Orthopedic Surgery

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compstomper

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I've heard from some attendings that ortho once upon a time used to be a backup plan of those who couldn't match into other surgical specialties.

I was wondering why it's currently one of the more competitive specialties to match into. What's changed?

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I'm not sure if you're being sarcastic or not, but I think there was an "ask an ortho resident anything" thread that was posted some time last year... you should probably just read through that instead of creating a thread that asks "why is a high paying specialty with a relatively good lifestyle competitive?"
 
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I've heard from some attendings that ortho once upon a time used to be a backup plan of those who couldn't match into other surgical specialties.

I was wondering why it's currently one of the more competitive specialties to match into. What's changed?

Ortho used to be less competitive because it was an entirely different field with little resemblance to what it is today.

The technology used and the operations performed has advanced dramatically.

An entire (major) portion of the field didn't exist when it was "non-competitive" - joint replacement.

Now it is a field with procedures that are almost entirely elective and either outpatient or short inpatient stays. It reimburses very well. Unless you are taking a lot of trauma or hand call it is a relatively controllable lifestyle. The operations are generally perceived as "fun" and they make a big improvement in patients' quality of life.

I'm not sure if you're being sarcastic or not, but I think there was an "ask an ortho resident anything" thread that was posted some time last year... you should probably just read through that instead of creating a thread that asks "why is a high paying specialty with a relatively good lifestyle competitive?"

There is an odd rash of "why is this extremely high paying field competitive?" threads lately

Also I don't know how old whoever told you that is, but there's a reason ortho is in the ROAD acronym, which has been around for a while.

It's not in the ROAD acronym. The O is for ophtho
 
I'm not sure if you're being sarcastic or not, but I think there was an "ask an ortho resident anything" thread that was posted some time last year... you should probably just read through that instead of creating a thread that asks "why is a high paying specialty with a relatively good lifestyle competitive?"

Also I don't know how old whoever told you that is, but there's a reason ortho is in the ROAD acronym, which has been around for a while.
Um, no it isn't. O stands for Ophtho and the OP is 100% correct. Back then IM and General Surgery were the most competitive. Ortho was for people who were "bottom of the class".

The "O" is for ophthalmology.

Ortho does not have a particularly or notably good lifestyle.

Yes, it does. It has a great lifestyle AFTER residency where you can solely do elective joint replacements.
 
Yes, it does. It has a great lifestyle AFTER residency where you can solely do elective joint replacements.

We'll have to agree to disagree. I do not consider the post-residency ortho lifestyle particularly good/great. It's not awful, but not worth listing in a conversation of specialties with a good lifestyle.

The pay is good, though.
 
We'll have to agree to disagree. I do not consider the post-residency ortho lifestyle particularly good/great. It's not awful, but not worth listing in a conversation of specialties with a good lifestyle.

The pay is good, though.
Oh I agree with you. It's definitely not on par with what is traditionally considered good lifestyle (9-5, no pager, etc.). I guess it probably has one of the better ones considering it's a surgical specialty. A knee or hip replacement are no joke to do, I'm sure as far as manual labor and time. I'm just saying their usually elective surgeries so relatively controlled.
 
Oh I agree with you. It's definitely not on par with what is traditionally considered good lifestyle (9-5, no pager, etc.). I guess it probably has one of the better ones considering it's a surgical specialty. A knee or hip replacement are no joke to do, I'm sure as far as manual labor and time. I'm just saying their usually elective surgeries so relatively controlled.
Lifestyle in ortho is highly dependent on your practice from what I have seen. Even the sports/joints guys at my institution are in the trauma call rotation.
 
I'm not sure if you're being sarcastic or not, but I think there was an "ask an ortho resident anything" thread that was posted some time last year... you should probably just read through that instead of creating a thread that asks "why is a high paying specialty with a relatively good lifestyle competitive?"
Yeah, I'm not gonna do that.

The question isn't if or why ortho is competitive, because there is no question as to ortho's competitiveness. The question is what changed between now and years long ago.
 
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Ortho used to be less competitive because it was an entirely different field with little resemblance to what it is today.

The technology used and the operations performed has advanced dramatically.

An entire (major) portion of the field didn't exist when it was "non-competitive" - joint replacement.

Now it is a field with procedures that are almost entirely elective and either outpatient or short inpatient stays. It reimburses very well. Unless you are taking a lot of trauma or hand call it is a relatively controllable lifestyle. The operations are generally perceived as "fun" and they make a big improvement in patients' quality of life.




There is an odd rash of "why is this extremely high paying field competitive?" threads lately



It's not in the ROAD acronym. The O is for ophtho

Gotcha. This explains a lot as to why. Medicine in general has changed a lot technologically, but I didn't realized it was especially so for ortho. Thanks for clarifying.
 
Yeah, I'm not gonna do that.

The question isn't if or why ortho is competitive, because there is no question as to ortho's competitiveness. The question is what changed between now and years long ago.

Oh my mistake, I must have misinterpreted this part of your original post

I was wondering why it's currently one of the more competitive specialties to match into.
 
I know, got me into med school.😉

someone already answered your question. can you read? you sound like a complete d*ck. it's funny how creating a thread and waiting for answers is something you're willing to do, but taking 2 minutes and reading all the responses on another thread, that's too hard. let me know how that works out for you

inb4 "joint replacement is stupid."
 
someone already answered your question. can you read? you sound like a complete d*ck. it's funny how creating a thread and waiting for answers is something you're willing to do, but taking 2 minutes and reading all the responses on another thread, that's too hard. let me know how that works out for you

inb4 "joint replacement is stupid."
And it will make getting through this process difficult.
Perhaps I was a bit too quick to respond. Just didn't have enough time to read through that beast of a thread just yet. Seems there's plenty of snark to go around SDN already, didn't mean to add to it. Mea culpa.
 
Joints, hand, and sports are the sweet life... those guys basically never work on weekends and have inpatients that move out of the hospital very quickly. Operations are generally pretty short, so you can operate into old age. 99% of sports and hand are exclusively outpatient. Hand is absurdly complicated and the surgeries are very delicate. They're called "hand weenies" for a reason... need to know a lot and stay on top of a complicated knowledge base. I'm not an ortho sports fan myself (too many primadonnas....), but if you like that field you can have a very fulfilling and varied career. The decision to operate or not is more complicated than the stereotypes lead you to believe.

Total joints are a blast... it is literally human carpentry. Your patients limp into the hospital with a walker/cane and are playing golf a month later. Also, there is an incredible amount of detail involved in joint replacement that physicians outside of orthopaedics don't understand. Lots of materials science, engineering principles, biomechanics at play. Plus, in a 15 minute clinic visit you can cover the orthopaedic problems in ~10 minutes then get to know your patients personally for the rest of the visit. The doctor-patient relationship is great, lots of very happy patients. Even in spine, which get a bad rap, the patients are often extremely grateful. I've seen cadua equina patients in tears because the doc restored their ability to walk, spinal stenosis patients donating large sums of money to the residency research fund because they're no longer in pain 24/7.

Lifestyles are more difficult in spine, trauma, tumor, and peds. But you can still manage ~50-ish hrs/wk with minimal weekends and call if you accept lower earnings. The general orthopaedist is alive and well outside of major metro areas -- you can operate on all parts of the body and later in your career focus on a niche like joints or sports.

Ortho is an awesome specialty but you have to endure a brutal residency. Ortho residency has you operating more than any other surgical specialty. I know some chiefs who were literally in the OR for 48 hrs straight when on county trauma rotations. Not for the faint of heart, the culture requires a level of machismo, but it's totally worth it IMO.
 
Joints, hand, and sports are the sweet life... those guys basically never work on weekends and have inpatients that move out of the hospital very quickly. Operations are generally pretty short, so you can operate into old age. 99% of sports and hand are exclusively outpatient. Hand is absurdly complicated and the surgeries are very delicate. They're called "hand weenies" for a reason... need to know a lot and stay on top of a complicated knowledge base. I'm not an ortho sports fan myself (too many primadonnas....), but if you like that field you can have a very fulfilling and varied career. The decision to operate or not is more complicated than the stereotypes lead you to believe.

Total joints are a blast... it is literally human carpentry. Your patients limp into the hospital with a walker/cane and are playing golf a month later. Also, there is an incredible amount of detail involved in joint replacement that physicians outside of orthopaedics don't understand. Lots of materials science, engineering principles, biomechanics at play. Plus, in a 15 minute clinic visit you can cover the orthopaedic problems in ~10 minutes then get to know your patients personally for the rest of the visit. The doctor-patient relationship is great, lots of very happy patients. Even in spine, which get a bad rap, the patients are often extremely grateful. I've seen cadua equina patients in tears because the doc restored their ability to walk, spinal stenosis patients donating large sums of money to the residency research fund because they're no longer in pain 24/7.

Lifestyles are more difficult in spine, trauma, tumor, and peds. But you can still manage ~50-ish hrs/wk with minimal weekends and call if you accept lower earnings. The general orthopaedist is alive and well outside of major metro areas -- you can operate on all parts of the body and later in your career focus on a niche like joints or sports.

Ortho is an awesome specialty but you have to endure a brutal residency. Ortho residency has you operating more than any other surgical specialty. I know some chiefs who were literally in the OR for 48 hrs straight when on county trauma rotations. Not for the faint of heart, the culture requires a level of machismo, but it's totally worth it IMO.
I agree with you that ortho is a great specialty - a lot of my friends are ortho residents, and they're all great people. I would challenge your broad statement that "ortho has you operating more than any other surgical specialty." As far as the trauma goes, sure I would put ortho up there in one of the top slots, and ortho residents definitely put in long hours on call. But as far as the general operating experience, where I am Gen Surg (really mostly the vascular and transplant surgeons), Neurosurgery, ENT, and plastics are all operating more than orthopedics. Between scheduled cases, head/spine trauma and head bleeds, I'm pretty sure our neurosurgeons spend the most amount of time over the course of 24 hours in the OR. For the general operating day, ENT is usually the first in the OR and the last to leave, especially when flap cases are going.
 
I agree with you that ortho is a great specialty - a lot of my friends are ortho residents, and they're all great people. I would challenge your broad statement that "ortho has you operating more than any other surgical specialty." As far as the trauma goes, sure I would put ortho up there in one of the top slots, and ortho residents definitely put in long hours on call. But as far as the general operating experience, where I am Gen Surg (really mostly the vascular and transplant surgeons), Neurosurgery, ENT, and plastics are all operating more than orthopedics. Between scheduled cases, head/spine trauma and head bleeds, I'm pretty sure our neurosurgeons spend the most amount of time over the course of 24 hours in the OR. For the general operating day, ENT is usually the first in the OR and the last to leave, especially when flap cases are going.

If you look at the ACGME numbers, ortho performs the largest number of surgeries. You're right in the neurosurgery is pretty close in OR time, but they do fewer cases over all. Gen surg and ENT are pretty far from ortho and nsurg numbers.

Sounds like your hospital is far different than mine, though. Our ortho department has its own very busy hospital, and at the county they have 4 rooms going 5 days a week, 2 rooms on weekends, and 1 room overnight. Gen surg is quite busy here, but the operative volume per resident isn't even close.
 
I agree with you that ortho is a great specialty - a lot of my friends are ortho residents, and they're all great people. I would challenge your broad statement that "ortho has you operating more than any other surgical specialty." As far as the trauma goes, sure I would put ortho up there in one of the top slots, and ortho residents definitely put in long hours on call. But as far as the general operating experience, where I am Gen Surg (really mostly the vascular and transplant surgeons), Neurosurgery, ENT, and plastics are all operating more than orthopedics. Between scheduled cases, head/spine trauma and head bleeds, I'm pretty sure our neurosurgeons spend the most amount of time over the course of 24 hours in the OR. For the general operating day, ENT is usually the first in the OR and the last to leave, especially when flap cases are going.

As the above poster said, ortho residents often graduate with > double the number of cases of a general surgery resident.

Now there are other variables at play in this (mean operative duration, for one...ortho's near complete abandonment of patient care, for another 😉 ).

But it has been suggested that general surgery residencies can actually get in trouble with the RRC/ACGME if their residents are operating too much, as it would suggest an imbalance of the different aspects of care. I don't know the specific policy behind this.
 
As the above poster said, ortho residents often graduate with > double the number of cases of a general surgery resident.

Now there are other variables at play in this (mean operative duration, for one...ortho's near complete abandonment of patient care, for another 😉 ).

Agreed - I'd also add the oft seen tendency of Ortho attendings to run more than 1 room at a time; since GS doesn't do that (at least IMHO or that of my colleagues), there will obviously be a limit on the number of cases that can be done in a day.

But it has been suggested that general surgery residencies can actually get in trouble with the RRC/ACGME if their residents are operating too much, as it would suggest an imbalance of the different aspects of care. I don't know the specific policy behind this.

I'm not aware of what number specifically is desirable but "back in the day" I and my senior residents were asked to reduce the number of cases logged for that specific reason. This is definitely an issue; not sure with work hour restrictions if it still is.
 
Now there are other variables at play in this (mean operative duration, for one...ortho's near complete abandonment of patient care, for another 😉 ).

This is true and IMO the operative volume & ED work are the main reasons for ortho turfing floor work to any other service whenever possible. Another thing to keep in mind is that gen surg usually has more categorical residents per class and also a bunch of prelims. GS to ortho resident ratio at my school is 2:1, >3:1 for the interns. So even though there is a huge volume of general surgery that needs to be done, it is spread out a bit more over a larger number of trainees.

Agreed - I'd also add the oft seen tendency of Ortho attendings to run more than 1 room at a time; since GS doesn't do that (at least IMHO or that of my colleagues), there will obviously be a limit on the number of cases that can be done in a day.

Yep. I think it's safe to say that the exposures in orthopaedics are for the most part simpler than those in GS. That said, once the resident starts messing with the bone, there is always an attending in the room at least watching if not scrubbed. The most dangerous part of the cases is usually putting in the hardware and/or performing the reduction.
 
Another thing to keep in mind is that gen surg usually has more categorical residents per class and also a bunch of prelims. GS to ortho resident ratio at my school is 2:1, >3:1 for the interns. So even though there is a huge volume of general surgery that needs to be done, it is spread out a bit more over a larger number of trainees.

Really?

That surprises me although agree with you about the number of preliminary residents; in my program we had the same number of categorical General Surgery Residents per year as Ortho.

The average number of categorical general surgery residents per year in the US is 4; there are a lot of small two-person programs out there as well.
 
If you look at the ACGME numbers, ortho performs the largest number of surgeries. You're right in the neurosurgery is pretty close in OR time, but they do fewer cases over all. Gen surg and ENT are pretty far from ortho and nsurg numbers.

Sounds like your hospital is far different than mine, though. Our ortho department has its own very busy hospital, and at the county they have 4 rooms going 5 days a week, 2 rooms on weekends, and 1 room overnight. Gen surg is quite busy here, but the operative volume per resident isn't even close.

Looking at the ACGME website...

Looks like ortho residents average ~2300 cases on graduation, nsurg ~1250, gen surg ~975. They don't publish the ENT numbers, but from what I can gather, it's about 2000 cases for ENT (I saw programs on trail that advertised anywhere from 1800-2200, with a couple having individual residents doing over 2400).

So all of them get more case #s than gen surg, with ENT and ortho out ahead by a lot.
 
Looking at the ACGME website...

Looks like ortho residents average ~2300 cases on graduation, nsurg ~1250, gen surg ~975. They don't publish the ENT numbers, but from what I can gather, it's about 2000 cases for ENT (I saw programs on trail that advertised anywhere from 1800-2200, with a couple having individual residents doing over 2400).

So all of them get more case #s than gen surg, with ENT and ortho out ahead by a lot.

National average was 1700 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22555892) but it's a pretty wide range since the clinic heavy programs are going to drag the average down. I know the more operative heavy programs avg 3000 and obviously that paper has some serious outliers (I can't imagine the guy that finished with 4800 cases, maybe he/she was super peds heavy).
 
National average was 1700 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22555892) but it's a pretty wide range since the clinic heavy programs are going to drag the average down. I know the more operative heavy programs avg 3000 and obviously that paper has some serious outliers (I can't imagine the guy that finished with 4800 cases, maybe he/she was super peds heavy).

Who the hell are these people who didn't log a single bronch?
 
Who the hell are these people who didn't log a single bronch?

" The authors identified untracked CPT codes and variations in resident case log documentation habits."

Probably residents who didnt log their cases, haha. I'd have a hard time believing there are residents that didn't do any...
 
If you look at the ACGME numbers, ortho performs the largest number of surgeries. You're right in the neurosurgery is pretty close in OR time, but they do fewer cases over all. Gen surg and ENT are pretty far from ortho and nsurg numbers.

Sounds like your hospital is far different than mine, though. Our ortho department has its own very busy hospital, and at the county they have 4 rooms going 5 days a week, 2 rooms on weekends, and 1 room overnight. Gen surg is quite busy here, but the operative volume per resident isn't even close.
So you're using sheer case numbers to judge how often residents are in the OR. At my program the graduating chiefs usually have between 2400-3000 cases logged. I think I had over 500 cases logged as a PGY-2 alone. But if you are only using cases logged, you have to account for the fact of the wide disparity of cases. A bronch takes 30-60 seconds, a set of tubes takes 6-7 minutes to put in, etc. whereas a composite resection with bilateral neck dissections and a free flap takes all day to perform. At the end of the day, you get the same number of cases logged for doing a composite resection, bilateral neck dissections, and free flap (4) as you do for doing 4 sets of tubes (maybe an hour and a half in the OR with turnover times). So trying to use case numbers to account for time spent in the operating room doesn't tell the whole story of how much a resident is operating. I don't know what the minutes spent in OR is for our adult hospitals, but I do know that at our pediatric hospital Neurosurg, Peds Surg, and ENT are the three highest in terms of actual time spent in the operating room.
 
So you're using sheer case numbers to judge how often residents are in the OR. At my program the graduating chiefs usually have between 2400-3000 cases logged. I think I had over 500 cases logged as a PGY-2 alone. But if you are only using cases logged, you have to account for the fact of the wide disparity of cases. A bronch takes 30-60 seconds, a set of tubes takes 6-7 minutes to put in, etc. whereas a composite resection with bilateral neck dissections and a free flap takes all day to perform. At the end of the day, you get the same number of cases logged for doing a composite resection, bilateral neck dissections, and free flap (4) as you do for doing 4 sets of tubes (maybe an hour and a half in the OR with turnover times). So trying to use case numbers to account for time spent in the operating room doesn't tell the whole story of how much a resident is operating. I don't know what the minutes spent in OR is for our adult hospitals, but I do know that at our pediatric hospital Neurosurg, Peds Surg, and ENT are the three highest in terms of actual time spent in the operating room.

I agree ACGME case logs aren't prefect, but they're prob better than anecdote. If you're in gen surg with those numbers, then that makes your chiefs outliers I guess. The example of bronchs and tubes don't have a corollary in ortho, except maybe traction pin placement. Most cases range from 2-4 hrs. Also, regarding the pediatric hospital, keep in mind that pediatric ortho has a lot of clinical management and non-op consults. It's a lower volume ortho service in terms of OR time.

Also, I don't mean to play the "we're busier than you and operate more than you" card--- all surgical subspecialties bust their asses and get nothing but respect from me. I'm sure there are exceptions to this generalization that ortho operates most, as there always is.

Really?

That surprises me although agree with you about the number of preliminary residents; in my program we had the same number of categorical General Surgery Residents per year as Ortho.

The average number of categorical general surgery residents per year in the US is 4; there are a lot of small two-person programs out there as well.

Good point, this probably varies significantly by program. The ortho programs I've rotated through have been on the over-worked side of the spectrum, which might explain the disparity in # of residents. There's probably a better balance at a lot of institutions.
 
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I've heard from some attendings that ortho once upon a time used to be a backup plan of those who couldn't match into other surgical specialties.

I was wondering why it's currently one of the more competitive specialties to match into. What's changed?


It's not just ortho. Thirty years ago, nothing was competitive, except perhaps derm. What has changed is not the specialties, it's that the number of residency positions has remained about the same, but the number of medical students has increased significantly. So back then, for most specialties, if you applied widely to the match, while you might not get in at a great program, or in a great city, you got in somewhere. The top programs were competitive, but not the entire specialty.

Surgery wasn't competitive, ortho wasn't competitive, certainly not urology or anesthesia or radiology. Anyone who got tired of general surgery could walk over to any of those other departments and change specialties. I know people who did. I don't know for sure about neurosurgery, because I didn't know anyone who was interested in it. The same was true for plastic surgery. I never got the impression that it was hard to get into back then. Certainly it wasn't anywhere as difficult to get into as it is now.

No one cared about Step 1 scores either. We were just told that we had to pass. AOA membership was important for the better residencies, but not USMLE scores, as far as I know.
 
If member1000756 is GS (and I don't think he is) and his Chiefs are logging those numbers, somebody's gonna be in trouble with the RRC.
Nope, not Gen Surg, subspecialty 🙂 Those numbers aren't abnormal; like I said, they can range from really small quick cases to all day long cases, which is why I personally don't put a whole lot of stock in them; I know there are multiple papers published on the subject, but just from personal experience I don't think case number is a great predictor of how good a resident is in the OR, and I think I would have several attendings back me up on this. I do have a tremendous amount of respect for my gen surg peers, though; I have great respect for all of my surgical peers, be it GS, ortho, neurosurg, urology, ENT, plastics, vascular, CT, OMFS, whatever. We're all in this together. The goal is to be happy with what you're doing, and it sounds like KinasePro is excited to be ortho, which is great, because when my knees finally go later in life, I'd rather have the orthopedic surgeon who loves his profession doing my surgery rather than the guy who's just trying to get through the day.
 
If member1000756 is GS (and I don't think he is) and his Chiefs are logging those numbers, somebody's gonna be in trouble with the RRC.
Nope, not Gen Surg, subspecialty 🙂 Those numbers aren't abnormal; like I said, they can range from really small quick cases to all day long cases, which is why I personally don't put a whole lot of stock in them; I know there are multiple papers published on the subject, but just from personal experience I don't think case number is a great predictor of how good a resident is in the OR, and I think I would have several attendings back me up on this. I do have a tremendous amount of respect for my gen surg peers, though; I have great respect for all of my surgical peers, be it GS, ortho, neurosurg, urology, ENT, plastics, vascular, CT, OMFS, whatever. We're all in this together. The goal is to be happy with what you're doing, and it sounds like KinasePro is excited to be ortho, which is great, because when my knees finally go later in life, I'd rather have the orthopedic surgeon who loves his profession doing my surgery rather than the guy who's just trying to get through the day.
 
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