Confused kid here...some questions

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mathlegend

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I've read many threads, but I am still confused. As physiatrists, do you perform the rehab, or do you leave that up to physical therapists? Also in what cases would a patient see a physiatrist instead of a physical therapist? Where I live (SF Bay Area) pretty much no one have heard of a physiatrist, but we've all heard of physical therapists. I've seem a PT for many things, including my foot/ankle, back, knee, elbow. What are the conditions of the patients you see, especially if you deal with outpatient MSK?
 
I've read many threads, but I am still confused. As physiatrists, do you perform the rehab, or do you leave that up to physical therapists? Also in what cases would a patient see a physiatrist instead of a physical therapist? Where I live (SF Bay Area) pretty much no one have heard of a physiatrist, but we've all heard of physical therapists. I've seem a PT for many things, including my foot/ankle, back, knee, elbow. What are the conditions of the patients you see, especially if you deal with outpatient MSK?

http://forums.studentdoctor.net/showthread.php?t=400935
 
Read through all that already, but they don't answer my questions!
 
Hey!
I'm oncall right now so can't type much but in general, some of the issues MSK physiatrists (with and withour fellowship training) are...

Sports Medicine injuries, Interventional Pain Management, Any Joint injury, Joint Injections, Low Back and Neck Pain, Epidural Steroid Injections, Trigger Point Injections, Osteopathic Medicine, EMG, Botox, Musculoskeletal injuries, etc....

Example of a physiatrist getting involved in sports med
http://stations.espn.go.com/stations/1050espnradio/story?id=3452896

Another Example of a Musculoskeletal PMR doc
http://www.spineuniverse.com/specialist/pain-management/us/nj/gerard-malanga-19418

My beeper is going nuts tonight! look through some of the links and get an idea of what is possible through PMR/sports/MSK medicine.
 
http://www.schulmanmd.com/html/dr__schulman__physiatry.html

Here's a guy that's taken a more Zen-like approach to Physiatry outpatient. I'm sure others on this forum can lead you to more substantial links. This is just for you to get a flavor of what you can possibly accomplish as an outpatient MSK doc. pretty much googled these quickly..
 
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Thanks MSKmonkey, interesting stuff.

ampaphb, I don't know, I just haven't heard of a phyisatrist until I was checking up on Stanford Hospital's site to find email addresses for docs to ask them if I can work on some summer research with them. (And I found one in ortho, really nice guy!) None of the people I talk to, teens and adults, have heard of the field PM&R, except for the doctors I talk to. Even at my MMA school, pretty much all of us had to see a physical therapist before, but no one has heard of a physiatrist. Maybe I just have a skewed view?
 
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I agree with amph, all sport injuries (especially those involved in contact-heavy sports) should see a medical doctor before anyone else.
 
Me personally, I see my orthopedic surgeon when I get hurt (when I see my pediatrician, she just refers me to an orthopedic surgeon anyways). I know my coach and several other students see orthopedic surgeons when they get hurt. Then the orthos prescribe for physical therapy...well in some cases surgery.
 
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What do you have against me? I'm just a confused high schooler hoping to get some questions answered by people who are in this field. Can't you just either answer my question or ignore this thread?
 
I've read many threads, but I am still confused. As physiatrists, do you perform the rehab, or do you leave that up to physical therapists? Also in what cases would a patient see a physiatrist instead of a physical therapist? Where I live (SF Bay Area) pretty much no one have heard of a physiatrist, but we've all heard of physical therapists. I've seem a PT for many things, including my foot/ankle, back, knee, elbow. What are the conditions of the patients you see, especially if you deal with outpatient MSK?

many PMR docs can and do perform the rehab, at least initially, as well as take a more global approach to overall patient injuries and issues that results in higher quality care than a quick trip to the ortho send to rehab approach.

When I was a director of a spine and sports center, I trained the PTs myself, who were more inpatient trained towards stroke and spinal cord injury. I also brought in top notch PTs from around the country, as well as other professionals to independently do additional training.

In essence, from a PMR/ortho group, hospital, and academic institutionalism standpoint, PTs are a line item on a budget. Beyond the literal meaning, the point here is that without medical training, there isn't enough of a background in a PT education to handle certain aspects of patient care, and patients could get hurt without proper PT guidance by a trained physician in general--thus the need for a PT prescription in order to treat in most states. Good PTs who are secure and knowledgeable welcome a knowledgeable, essentially overseeing doc. Some PTs have feelings of resistance however - but because of significant reimbursement and annual limits on PT services these days, its all pretty much quickly becoming a moot point.

A good PT is worth their weight in gold, BUT PMR docs allow for a better outcome in many isnatances for a patient by providing knowledgable instruction supervision, colaboration, prescription, and correction as it relates to patient care. Becuase PMR docs tend to be busy folks, its good to have PTs as extenders, but a good PMR doc can get in there and do the PT themselves as far as therapuetic exercise. ideally, a PMR doc will have taken the time to acquire some manual assessment skills and treatment as well, but this is not the case either for PTs or PMR docs in many instances.

Anyway, there ya have it - I think part of what you are getting in this thread is a question of sincerity in your post versus a troll of some sort. basically I don't care, but have no issue clarifying roles for you pertinent to your question for any party.
 
Thank you rysa4. So you guys have the choice to perform rehab, or to pass it onto PTs? Do you guys see common stuff such as sprains and fractures, or more serious stuff?

I am sincerely asking these questions. I wouldn't troll; there are better ways to spend my time.
 
Me personally, I see my orthopedic surgeon when I get hurt (when I see my pediatrician, she just refers me to an orthopedic surgeon anyways). I know my coach and several other students see orthopedic surgeons when they get hurt. Then the orthos prescribe for physical therapy...well in some cases surgery.

Basically, in this context, the job of a Physiatrist is to:

1. Make the correct diagnosis(ses)--(requires in-depth physical examination skills and can be harder than you think with musculoskeletal problems)
2. Design the rehabilitation program (to be carried out by the therapist)
3. Provide pain management and therapeutic interventions (procedures, prescribe proper bracing, etc.)

The traditional referral algorithm goes primary care, to Orthopedic or Neurosurgery, then to Physical Therapy and/or other specialties such as Pain Management, Neurology, Interventional Radiology, etc.

Physiatry most appropriately fits after primary care in the algorithm. We just haven't been doing the musculoskeletal thing with enough emphasis, for long enough, to officially have taken hold of this position.
 
Me personally, I see my orthopedic surgeon when I get hurt (when I see my pediatrician, she just refers me to an orthopedic surgeon anyways). I know my coach and several other students see orthopedic surgeons when they get hurt. Then the orthos prescribe for physical therapy...well in some cases surgery.

If you see an orthopedic surgeon for a MSK issue, you are much more likely to be recommended or offered surgery than if you were to see a Physiatrist. Surgeons look at medical problems in the context of "Can I do surgery to correct this?" Not often enough do they seem to ask "Should I do surgery to correct this?" Their trigger for offering surgery is much lower than that of a Physiatrist.

I often think of my job as keeping people away from surgeons. 😀
 
Yea it does make more sense (at least to me) to have primary care refer to physiatry instead of the surgery fields. I would rather have my problems taken care of in non surgery ways than with surgery. So when does primary care refer to physiatry? And does ortho or neuro ever refer to physiatry?

Surgeons are scary with all those sharp toys! 😀 (jk)

I have not been to a physiatrist before, but my orthopedic surgeon seems cool about using conservative measures. We've always tried physical therapy first, then injections, then surgery. Luckily for me, PT worked out so far. Now I think I should pay a physiatrist a visit for my mid back pain that recurs every few months, and that my first orthopedic surgeon couldn't find out the cause for.
 
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Yea it does make more sense (at least to me) to have primary care refer to physiatry instead of the surgery fields. I would rather have my problems taken care of in non surgery ways than with surgery. So when does primary care refer to physiatry? And does ortho or neuro ever refer to physiatry?

Referral patterns are funny. They depend on who’s available. Depends on regional biases and if the individual physician from the referring service was trained around physiatrists. Also depends greatly on how we market ourselves. The way I practice, I will get direct referrals from all of those fields. The key here is, once people know what it is we physiatrists can do (assuming we do it well), they keep coming back.

Our job is to improve patients’ function, through any non-surgical means necessary. We do this by integrating our knowledge of functional anatomy, biomechanics, musculoskeletal and neuromuscular pathophysiology, and general medicine. We try to hone in on accurate diagnoses using our comprehensive and sophisticated history and physical exam skills and ordering appropriate diagnostic testing (x-rays, MRIs, blood work, etc). Often, we will personally perform the diagnostic testing in the form of EMGs or musculoskeletal ultrasound. Treatment and management options include one or more of the following: medications, injections (often image guided under fluoroscopy or ultrasound, or EMG guided), therapy (PT, OT), bracing, adaptive equipment, home/work modifications/restrictions, patient education, and coordinating care between multiple medical and rehabilitative services. Getting back to your original post: when we use the term “rehab”, it’s an all-encompassing term. One that I feel is best guided by physiatry. Physical therapy is but one component, albeit a very important one!

And yes, there are times when I will instruct patients on appropriate therapeutic exercises, or home modalities. Sometimes it’s so easy a caveman can do it. Sometimes it’s because therapy services in the patient’s local area are limited, and we need to get creative.


I often think of my job as keeping people away from surgeons. 😀

I use that line a lot too. The funny thing is, even after they get surgerized, we’re still often guiding their post-op rehab. Job security. 👍
 
We've always tried physical therapy first, then injections, then surgery. Luckily for me, PT worked out so far. Now I think I should pay a physiatrist a visit for my mid back pain that recurs every few months, and that my first orthopedic surgeon couldn't find out the cause for.


I guess the issue is "What is physical therapy?"

If you have a patient with a partial RTC tear, a sports med ortho will think: "try 4-6 weeks of PT, inject, and if no better, operate." But if the PT regime is just hot packs, Passive ROM, and ultrasound; the patient will not improve and will have an operation.

If the PT is given specific instructions for strengthening of the scapular stabilizers (based upon a detailed MSK exam instead of looking at an MRI), the pt. has a better chance of avoiding an operation. (this is a real case that I saw on Friday-6 weeks of PT of modalities)
 
Agreed - PM&R docs are educated about the different types of PT available. I see patients who have had months and months of PT without improvement then I ask them what they do in PT and they say they usually lie there with 7 other patients while the PT-A puts hot packs on them and gives them hand outs on exercises to do at home.

I then examine them and find pelvic obliquities, leg length discrepancies, lateral shifts, etc. (mechanical issues) then send them to PTs that I trust - who then carry out the type of therapy I want them to do (I like McKenzie for spine issues) - and the patients often get better within 3-4 weeks.

I am part of an orthopedic group and very often the surgeons send me patients that are not surgical candidates and ask me to manage them. I'll use short term adjuvant medications (anti-inflammatories, topicals, neuropathic pain meds, muscle relaxants) in conjunction with PT to help them get better. If the patients are in too much pain to tolerate PT, then I will do an injection. I see 60-70 patients a week and only do about 10 injections per week - so the rest of them I get better without interventions. I have only sent 3 patients to surgery after all of the above in the past 8 months.

The ability of diagnose is also different from PTs - I have caught numerous rheumatoid conditions, cancer, etc. I have also diagnosed parsonage turner syndrome in patients that the orthopod thought had frozen shoulder. Our training allows us to diagnose bone, muscle, and nerve conditions. We can do EMG/NCS in conjunction to our physical exam.

I think what I provide is a good complement to what my orthopedic colleagues provide. There are good orthopedic surgeons that see the value in what we (physiatrists) can provide - and there are many successful partnerships all over the country. And all that I mentioned above is just one slice of what PM&R docs are trained to do - I have friends and colleagues who specialize in various aspects of inpatient rehab, chronic pain management, neurorehab/spasticity management, female pelvic pain, pure sports medicine, etc.
 
Thanks Ludicolo, that is very helpful, basically the post I'm looking for. The more I learn about this field, the more interested I am becoming!

I'm referring to PT as in where there is manual therapy,exercises/stretches ,cold packs, and electrical stimulation. (in my case at least)

That seems kind of pointless to lay (and pay) for PT while all you get is hot packs and instructions for home. Sorry for me to ask, but how are physiatrists and orthopedic surgeons different in diagnosing medical conditions?
 
Mathlegend is still in high school, in case you all didn't pick up on that. You might want to tailor your responses to that level of understanding.
 
Dude what's your problem? I understand pretty much all of whats said here.
 
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