ECT on the Vent?

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DebDynamite

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I have a question for experienced ECT practitioners- have you ever been consulted and aasked to perform ECT while a pt is intubated? Anyone ever seen this done?

hx-
pt is catatonic, medical reasons ruled out by IM, cannot clear their own secretions, IM consulting surgery to perform trach, meanwhile pt on high benzos while intubated with psych consulting. Medicine of course wants.... ECT while on the vent. This got me to thinking about what people may have actually seen, or declined, in the real world.

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Wow. Definitely a case of malignant catatonia.

Definitely beyond anything I have ever encountered in my training.

I guess the things I would consider would be the fact that catatonia is a neurologic condition rather than a psychiatric condition at this point. Have they done imaging and EEG's? Does the patient have a hx of catatonia or having had ECT's?

Is this a neuroleptic induced catatonia? (IE NMS or serotonin syndrome) or an overdose of anticholinergics?

Plus the Benzo's (I assume medazolam?) for intubation of course would drive up the seizure threshold to an unknown territory.

Also, the ability to consent for treatment is nil. I guess it depends on your states laws on ECT.

I am going to assume this pts prognosis is rather poor. I will be interested to hear what the outcome is.
 
I will let you know. Medical workup is cpmplete barring one longshot NMDA receptor ab test was sent out. Very frustrating case as this pt came to us behind the 8ball. Would say more but this is an active case. I can PM you later with more data as it comes through. But pt is on high dose ativan over the next few days with hopes of getting that GABA back.

I politely told medicine good luck finding someone to manage the airway in a patient while also giving ECT. But it is an interesting Q and a very interesting case.
 
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I politely told medicine good luck finding someone to manage the airway in a patient while also giving ECT.
You can do ECT on intubated patients. You have an anesthesiologist in the room while you do ECT, so it's not the psychiatrist managing the airway. It's not ideal and it's not all that common, but it can be done. I know we've done it at our place (but it wasn't my patient).

I take it that IV benzos have been tried and failed?
 
You can do ECT on intubated patients. You have an anesthesiologist in the room while you do ECT, so it's not the psychiatrist managing the airway. It's not ideal and it's not all that common, but it can be done. I know we've done it at our place (but it wasn't my patient).

I take it that IV benzos have been tried and failed?

Yes we are running IV benzos over the weekend while she is intubated.
The scenario you are depicting is the one I tried to explain to medicine would need anesthesia to manage the airway. I am not the doc trying to arrange the transfer that doc is senior to me and says they cant find anyone to accept but Im not sure anesthesia has been asked. I recommended running ativan as tolerated until tachycardia subsides over the weekend but dont know how high they will push the dose. Hoping it will work first. So the patients you saw this on were they in need of interfacility transfer to get the ECT ? We do not have it here she would have to be transferred out I think thats the problem.

Bythe problem I mean if you have ECT in house how can you deny as easily as accepting from another facility?
 
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You can do ECT on intubated patients. You have an anesthesiologist in the room while you do ECT, so it's not the psychiatrist managing the airway. It's not ideal and it's not all that common, but it can be done. I know we've done it at our place (but it wasn't my patient).

I take it that IV benzos have been tried and failed?

Was it successful on the patient you know went through it and were there complications? This pt is clearing a HAP right now and is almost done w abx.
 
The scenario you are depicting is the one I tried to explain to medicine would need anesthesia to manage the airway. I am not the doc trying to arrange the transfer that doc is senior to me and says they cant find anyone to accept but Im not sure anesthesia has been asked.
So the way it works where I am is that psychiatry is consulted by medicine/neuro/etc., who comes to see the patient and establishes catatonia and works with medicine to make sure a medical caused is ruled out (verrrrrrrry carefully... more often than not, when we were consulted on inpatient medicine patients, it turned out to be a medical cause). The patient is also made sure that they're a decent candidate for ECT outside of the catatonia during the eval by the ECT psychiatrist. Once that is done, you go through the legal process, which will vary a lot by state, county, and facility. Hopefully a lot of the legwork is already done by the medical staff when the patient was unable to consent to medical treatment (e.g.: a power-of-attorney identified, etc.). After the legal stuff is taken care of, the patient is taken to ECT. The team usually consists of a psychiatrist and anesthesiologist/anesthesist. The psychiatrist is responsible for the ECT itself, but the anesthesist manages airway and vitals. After the procedure, the patient is observed in PACU and transferred back to the floor.

That said, my ECT stuff for inpatients is limited to intra-facility transfers. I have no idea how it works if you are trying to transfer a patient to a different facility that has ECT. If I were in the ECT psychiatrist's shoes, I'd imagine that I would require that the patient be transferred medically from A to B and then work it out internally. I would also imagine that hospital B might smell a dump of a very tough case and instinctually want to refuse accepting transfer without a very compelling reason. It might be smooth sailing, but I could see how it would be tricky as well.
I recommended running ativan as tolerated until tachycardia subsides over the weekend but dont know how high they will push the dose. Hoping it will work first.
A usual ativan challenge in a catatonic patient is usually a gradual build of ativan from 2 mg TID up to 20-30mg/daily. They should have responded by 10 days. My experience with catatonic folks has always started prior to them reaching the intubated stage. Your case sounds interesting.
Bythe problem I mean if you have ECT in house how can you deny as easily as accepting from another facility?
It's not easy. ECT patients are evaluated and deemed appropriate only by psychiatrists on the ECT team. Even if a Hospital A psychiatrist recommends a patient for ECT, it isn't happening until the Hospital A ECT psychiatrist evaluates the patient and makes the determination, at least where I'm at. And in a non-consentable patient, due to the politics associated with ECT, the hurdles can be set higher than would be expected given risks v. benefits.

That said, I have no idea how it works for patients from another facility. The only thing I've seen is inter-facility transfers. When they are inpatient psych, they are transferred to our inpatient psych unit and then the ECT happens. If they are inpatient medicine, I can't see how they'd get to ECT unless they were transferred medically and I could visualize pushback for a lot of reasons unless they've done it a lot before (and if they're the only ECT show in town, they may very well have). Maybe they've got all the kinks worked out though. Let us know how it works.
 
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Was it successful on the patient you know went through it and were there complications?
No idea. I know they've done it, but I didn't do it. I've seen them evaluate patients who were intubated twice, but we were brought in prior to intubation, and the patients ended up not needing it. Sorry I can't be more help. Hopefully someone with more experience can help out here.
 
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If this is as described, then you would be doing the totally indicated and potentially lifesaving intervention.
Amen. And if the patient has malignant catatonia (fever and autonomic instability due to the catatonia like labile pressures, heart rate), ECT is firstline treatment and benzodiazepine trials shouldn't hold it up.

Have you done a doc-to-doc with the psych folks at the hospital with ECT you'd like to transfer to?
 
If this is as described, then you would be doing the totally indicated and potentially lifesaving intervention. Keep us updated!

Our thoughts exactly and I appreciate the encouragement. I will let you all know how this turns out. I am trying to be optimistic here.

NotDeadYet- thanks for pointing out the process which we have been through for anyone in our field who might read this thread. Yes all of the things you listed have been done and now we are in the process of pushing benzos. But I never saw literature to 30 mg/day, I found up to 20. Regardless, I also recommended increasing until resolution of tachycardia, as there are some cases out there to suggest that (which could indicate greater than 20mg). I don't know if this is exactly "malignant" as there is consistent tachycardia, no other abnl vitals and the tachycardia is consistently there (but hey if you can't swallow or walk I would say that's bad enough to call malignant. Pt had a pulse in OP notes earlier this year in the 70s).
Pt was only febrile when spiked a white count to go with their HAP, which has cleared although they have maybe two more days abx. That's what got pt to the vent. Anyway NOtDeadYet has done a good job of describing what we are up against bc yes this is an interfacility transfer and accepting docs are not keen.

Ten days would be excellent but there is no way we can keep her intubated just for this for ten days they are going to push hard to extubate Tuesday. 🙁
 
I would think that having an intubated patient would be a positive, making it easier to manage the airway during ECT.

Yeah. It seems so in theory doesn't it? Agree, but no one is doing it from what I can surmise thus far.

If they successfully extubate we can try to keep the ativan on board IV but since we make recommendations and pt is on their service, I fear they will not be comfortable with keeping the dose high. I will keep you posted. If anyone else has experience with this I would love to hear.
 
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We've done it. It was in our own hospital though, and we'd already gotten the court order. We actually wheeled the setup up to the ICU with anesthesia tagging along to keep us out of trouble. ECT road trip! :naughty:
 
Yes, I appreciate the input. MichaelRack is right, and this pt's medical issues are enough for the other facilities to say "no" however the ECT could save his life. I am hoping the fact that this patient is still relatively young (60) will help him fight to get out of the unit and onto a regular medical floor. Then maybe they will accept. I will keep you updated.

This patient has a close family member wiith healtcare POA who is all for ECT when we can get him there, so permission is not going to hold us up.
 
We had our patient up to 20 mg/day and finally were able to get them transferred to another facility that has ECT and both psych and anesthesia were willing to treat. It was actually easy to get the psychiatrist on board, as soon as he heard about this pt he was eager to try and help. Tracking down anesthesia and then getting the unit to unit transfer took more effort. But the bottom line is that now there is much more hope than before. I will try and fill you in later as to the outcome, I would expect the need for many treatments if this is going to work, but the prognosis is still not a good one.

I appreciate all of your replies.
 
The other thing I really appreciate is the complete lack of derailing and ridiculous replies. That was excellent!🙂
 
Thanks for closing the loop, Deb. And it's nice to know that all your hard work resulted in the patient getting the best possible chance at a good outcome. Hope you feel good about what you've gotten accomplished.
 
Thanks for closing the loop, Deb. And it's nice to know that all your hard work resulted in the patient getting the best possible chance at a good outcome. Hope you feel good about what you've gotten accomplished.

It's hard to feel good about it when this patient may not live. But we really did everything we could considering the circumstances, which I would elaborate on but for privacy's sake can't. I think it would be wonderful if they could treat him successfully. Will let you know!
 
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ECT on vent is a convenient set up, have machine rolled up at bed side - for benzo's reversal give flumazenil 0.1-0.3 immediately followed with induction agent. As soon as patient is reversed reintorduce benzo's (to avoid withdrawl seizures). Look up case reports on flumazenil in ECT. This is the perfect indication and opportunity to have recognition.
 
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