Edit: I want to add one thing to this type of calculation, try to solve with fraction as much as possible (if you are comfortable with). This will make it much simpler. In this case, you probably don't want to multiply everything by 3 for that will result so much larger numbers. Good luck.
luder98 pretty much laid it out for you, but if you need further explanation...Barron's lays out word problems pretty well for QR. In particular, there are a couple of problems similar to this one.
you can pick numbers too! always start with B then move on to D. this is the most effective way from my understanding.
overall, luder98 explained it. i hated these type of problems...try to get comfortable with it by practicing! remember to study trig! i kinda half assed that part and god nailed with 4 questions on the DAT! good luck.
You may not like my suggestion. But I want to help you. I think you should get a copy of Kaplan Blue Book and read through the material. Studying by targeting certain problems will not help you score high. The problems you have asked are pretty much covered by Kaplan. Good luck!