Hormones

[ryan85]

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I've recently been seeing some questions on practice exams about which of the following is a protein hormone or steroid hormone. Are these some thing that are likely to appear on the real test? If so, how can I remember these?

 

[Notoriousjae]

I've recently been seeing some questions on practice exams about which of the following is a protein hormone or steroid hormone. Are these some thing that are likely to appear on the real test? If so, how can I remember these?

memorize them?

 

[vize]

FLAT PEG ....

FLAT = FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH
PEG = Prolactin, Epinephrine, GH

I believe the FLAT part are peptide hormones, and the PEG part are steroid hormones. i don't think i had any hormone question on the DAT which made me kinda mad cuz i knew everything about hormones!

 

[thehipster]

Isn't epinephrine a peptide hormone? It's a catecholamine. Also, is TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) a peptide?

 

[prez_al]

I thought flat peg was only for the hormones made in the anterior hypothalamus.

 

[lintydent]

I thought flat peg was only for the hormones made in the anterior hypothalamus.

Peptide hormones don't directly affect their target organ (thus indirectly); they act via secondary messengers.

vs. Steriod hormones which enter target cells directly and bind to specific receptors.

So the PEG are direct hormones and the FLAT are the tropic/indirect hormones.

I believe this is correct.

 

[Banana Berry]

I believe only sex hormones and hormones which are produced by the adrenal cortex are steroid hormones.

Thyroid hormones (Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine) are protein hormones.

 

[fancymylotus]

I believe only sex hormones and hormones which are produced by the adrenal cortex are steroid hormones.

Thyroid hormones (Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine) are protein hormones.

cause they come from iodination(is that even a word?) of tyrosine,no?


PS to whomever wrote it above: flatpeg is for hormones from ant PITUITARY...not hypothalamus!

 

[Banana Berry]

I think so. Tyrosine is the original protein that THs are developed from.

 

[Uracil]

You're correct.
I don't think on the DAT they'll ask you like which one is a peptide or steroid hormone, but just a general knowlegde should be fine.

Steroid Hormones (all lipid derived and directly target the genes):
*All corticosteroids (gluco, mineralcorticoids (including aldosterone), sex hormones (androgens, estrogens, etc)

Peptide hormones (amino acid derived)
* The hormones stored in the posterior pituitary (ADH & Oxytocin)
* Insulin is an important one

Peptide hormones don't directly affect their target organ (thus indirectly); they act via secondary messengers.

vs. Steriod hormones which enter target cells directly and bind to specific receptors.

So the PEG are direct hormones and the FLAT are the tropic/indirect hormones.

I believe this is correct.

 

[Uracil]

Isn't epinephrine a peptide hormone? It's a catecholamine. Also, is TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) a peptide?

TSH cannot be classified as a peptide or steroid hormone because it's a tropic hormone (stimulate other glands to release its hormones - those released hormones then could be classified as peptide or steroid hormones)
For example, TSH --> T4 & T3 (These thyroid hormones are amino acid derived from Tyrosine, so they are peptide hormones).

Also, epinephrine and norepinephrine are peptide hormones (amino acid derived from tyrosine too and phenylalanine).

 

[Clapton]

cause they come from iodination(is that even a word?) of tyrosine,no?


PS to whomever wrote it above: flatpeg is for hormones from ant PITUITARY...not hypothalamus!

Yes, but their release from the anterior pituitary is stimulated by the hypothalamus.

 

[grapeflavorsoda]

Isn't epinephrine a peptide hormone? It's a catecholamine. Also, is TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) a peptide?

catecholamines are amine-derived hormones not peptide hormones.

amine-derived hormones are as the name suggests derived from amine, monomers of peptide, whereas peptides hormones involve actual peptides(sequence of amines rather than amine derivatives).

one very well know example of peptide hormone is insulin.

on the side note, amine-derived hormones are synthesized in cytosol and do not necessarily require surface receptor on the target cells, since it is small enough to pass through the membrane. On the contrary, peptide hormones are synthesized via ER-Golgi pathway and they are stored in transport vesicles, unless it is constituitive hormone. Also peptide hormone is necessary dependent on the presence of the surface receptor on the target cell to have its effects, since it is too big to pass through the membrane, even if is electrically neutral.

 

[grapeflavorsoda]

TSH cannot be classified as a peptide or steroid hormone because it's a tropic hormone (stimulate other glands to release its hormones - those released hormones then could be classified as peptide or steroid hormones)
For example, TSH --> T4 & T3 (These thyroid hormones are amino acid derived from Tyrosine, so they are peptide hormones).

Also, epinephrine and norepinephrine are peptide hormones (amino acid derived from tyrosine too and phenylalanine).

i think you are confused between hormone classification based on its functionality and composition.

2 major types of hormones classified by its functionality are direct and tropic hormone.

3 major types of hormones classified by its composition are amine-derived, peptide, and steroid.

the two classification system has no relevance. So knowing a hormone being amine-derived does not help distinguishing whether it is direct or tropic. Converse of this example is also true.

 

[grapeflavorsoda]

I thought flat peg was only for the hormones made in the anterior hypothalamus.

yeap. flat peg is a mnemonic for anterior pituitary hormones(not hypothalamus)

"flat" are for the tropic hormones and "peg" is for direct hormones.

 

[Uracil]

yeah, I shouldn't have used "classification" term..sorry if I confused anyone

i think you are confused between hormone classification based on its functionality and composition.

2 major types of hormones classified by its functionality are direct and tropic hormone.

3 major types of hormones classified by its composition are amine-derived, peptide, and steroid.

the two classification system has no relevance. So knowing a hormone being amine-derived does not help distinguishing whether it is direct or tropic. Converse of this example is also true.

so i dont understand how can u tell something is tropic hormone solely based on the fact that TSH is amine-derived hormone. TSH is obviously tropic hormone but there is no correlation relating functionality and composition whatsoever.

 

[DMDorDDS]

easy way to think of it is that...

anything/everything secreted by the pituitary gland is peptide
this includes all of the FLAT PEG

someone mentioned that FLAT is peptide and PEG is steroid... is completely wrong...
FLAT is tropic hormone and PEG is direct hormone... but both clearly peptide... 🙂

and anything from the adrenal cortex is steroid...

simple and easy 😀

 

[prez_al]

yeap. flat peg is a mnemonic for anterior pituitary hormones(not hypothalamus)

"flat" are for the tropic hormones and "peg" is for direct hormones.

oops my bad, well it has been 7 months since i wrote the DAT lol, I can't believe I even remembered "anterior". Sorry for the confusion.

 

[DamienWhite]

hey. i agree that FLAT PEG is a mnemoic for anterior pituitary hormones.

but i've also heard of FLAT Pi(gnore)G, which would make more sense because isnt E - epinephrine (along with norepinephrine) secreted by the adrenal medulla and not from anterior pituitary?

 

[Colos]

I just have a quick question on all this talk about FLAT PiG...In my human physio class right now we have termed that GH actually acts more like a tropic hormone by acting on the liver to release IGF's, rather than acting 'directly' as has commonly been stated.
Anyone have any ideas on this?

 

[yuppers]

memorize them?

There must be an easier way!!!!
Seriously though, people covered some of the good nemonics which I useds. Funny thing is I didnt have a single question on them.

 

[eldirty]

Just memorize the stuff found in Cliffs and the Kaplan BB and youll be fine. If I remember correctly I think the BB actually provided some pretty good nemonics