droliver - I think that there are a lot of misconceptions about the earning power of plastic surgeons and I find that it is useful to have data. Professional salary surveys are valuable because they give ballpark numbers.
Your contention that plastic surgeons do not do enough cases to generate the earnings of urology/ortho/neuro may be correct in your area, however I do not find that this is necessarily true in my area of the country. I am curious as to where you get that data from.
A plastic surgeon earning 200K is in the bottom 5% of all plastic surgeons in the country from an earnings standpoint. The mean private practive salary per MGMA is over 400K.
The graduates from our program whom go straight into practice are getting offers from multi-specialty groups, and from hospital systems at the MGMA median. One of our chief residents just took a job with a hospital with a base pay of 415k/yr. After the first year, he will go on a production model and get paid 70 dollars per RVU. He could make substantially more than 415k/yr depending on his RVU production.
As for out-of-network billing, that is under attack and the general consensus is that it will go away in the future. Carve outs should survive though as these are simple negotiations with insurers on a group/institutional basis. For example, in my academic institution, we have negotiated carve outs for micro, and some other complex cases. We offer a high level of care, and have the quality metrics to show that we have superior outcomes, and so are able to negotiate these higher rates for things that we do.
I would think that for the old school, general plastics guy in solo practice, the challenges are daunting. Reimbursements are always being pressured, costs do not go down, and there is only so much time in the day to do cases, and there is only so much cost-cutting you can do. Larger single specialty groups have more leverage with insurers, but not nearly what big institutions have. For these practices, it is easier to imagine clearing 200-300K.
Some links to good resources about the past/present/future of physician reimbursement:
http://www.nejmcareercenter.org/careers/
An old MGMA summary table: (One can purchase the new one from the link above. Defintiely worth it if you are a chief resident or negotiating a contract.)
http://forums.studentdoctor.net/threads/2010-mgma-physician-compensation-survey.817247/