The schools will let you know who they want to hear from; here, we share why they want those recommenders and why you should go a step beyond a school's expectations. Aim for:
- At least two science professors. Medical schools want to know: Do you have a dedication to and talent for scientific study? A school might request one or two science professors as recommenders. You should use two as reference seven if the school doesn't require two. Have three? Even better. A science TA who knows you well can write one of these letters—if the professor cosigns it.
- At least one non-science professor. Having this in your packet shows you're well-rounded. Doing notably well in a literature, social science, or math course shows a school that broader learning is important to you. A reference from a liberal art or language professor can emphasize different strengths than those you've shown in your science courses or a consistent strength across subject matters.
- Medical professionals. If you have had a clinical, shadowing, or lab experience where you connected with a medical professional, they're a terrific option for a LOR. You don't have to stick to MDs; osteopathic physicians, nurse practitioners, EMTs, medical students—anyone who supervised you is gold. If you're applying to osteopathic medical school, you need an osteopathic physician as a reference. You want these letters to be personal, so it's better to choose someone who was a true mentor and/or saw you inaction over a chief of surgery or research lead who barely knows you. Personal beats prestige here.
- Supervisors. Supervisors at your job, volunteer posts, and extracurricular activities are strong options. These people have seen you dedicate yourself to something. They've also likely seen you collaborate and work under pressure. Unlike your science professors and medical professionals, these individuals may have never written a recommendation letter for medical school before. In addition to refreshing their memory of your achievements, tell them what qualities medical schools are looking for so that they can highlight those. Attributes they might touch on: Leadership, collaboration, compassion and sensitivity, strong communication skills, critical, creative thinking ability, work ethic, and professionalism.