Mnemonics

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CALALILY

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B]MNEMONICS[/B]

Hi. Thought i would start sharing some useful mnemonics I came across. It would be great if everyone can help build this thread further with mnemonics or how to memorise certain aspects for the NBDE1 examination.

1. rotator cuff muscles (SITS)
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres Minor
- Subscapularis

2. carotid sheath (VAN)
- internal jugular Vein
- comon carotid Artery
- vagus Nerve

3. Diaphragm structures (I 8 10 EGGs AT 12) - "I ate 10 eggs at 12"
- at T8 - IVC
- at T10 - Esophagus, vagus
- at T12 - Azygous, thoracic duct

4. Hypothalamus functions: (Hypothalamus wears TAN HATS)
- Thirst and water balance (supraoptic nucleus)
- Adenohypophysis control via releasing factors
- Neurohypophysis releases hormones synthesized in the hypothalamic nuclei
- Hunger (lateral nucleus) and satiety (central nucleus)
- Autonomic regulation (ant hypothalamus regulates parasympathetic activity), circadian rhythms (suprachiasmatic nucleus).
- Temperature regulation (post hypothalamus regulates heat conservation and production when cold; ant hypothalamus regulated cooling when hot) **Remember A/C = Ant = cooling.
- Sexual urges and emotions (septate nucleus)

5. Functions of thalamic nuclei (Lateral to Look; Median for Music)
1. Lateral Geniculate nucleus - Visual
2. Median geniculate nucleus - Auditory

Hope the above helps anyone else studying for the part 1 exam. As soon as i get some more, i will post them again. In the meanwhile, it would be great if anyone else can post some more mnemonics they have used and also how they memorised for their exam (eg: innervations - for anatomical sciences).

thanks..
CALALILY ..
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wow - 51 views and nobody has cared to add anything at all to this? i thought that it would help everyone studying for part 1..
 
CALALILY said:
B]MNEMONICS[/B]

Hi. Thought i would start sharing some useful mnemonics I came across. It would be great if everyone can help build this thread further with mnemonics or how to memorise certain aspects for the NBDE1 examination.

1. rotator cuff muscles (SITS)
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres Minor
- Subscapularis

2. carotid sheath (VAN)
- internal jugular Vein
- comon carotid Artery
- vagus Nerve

3. Diaphragm structures (I 8 10 EGGs AT 12) - "I ate 10 eggs at 12"
- at T8 - IVC
- at T10 - Esophagus, vagus
- at T12 - Azygous, thoracic duct

4. Hypothalamus functions: (Hypothalamus wears TAN HATS)
- Thirst and water balance (supraoptic nucleus)
- Adenohypophysis control via releasing factors
- Neurohypophysis releases hormones synthesized in the hypothalamic nuclei
- Hunger (lateral nucleus) and satiety (central nucleus)
- Autonomic regulation (ant hypothalamus regulates parasympathetic activity), circadian rhythms (suprachiasmatic nucleus).
- Temperature regulation (post hypothalamus regulates heat conservation and production when cold; ant hypothalamus regulated cooling when hot) **Remember A/C = Ant = cooling.
- Sexual urges and emotions (septate nucleus)

5. Functions of thalamic nuclei (Lateral to Look; Median for Music)
1. Lateral Geniculate nucleus - Visual
2. Median geniculate nucleus - Auditory

Hope the above helps anyone else studying for the part 1 exam. As soon as i get some more, i will post them again. In the meanwhile, it would be great if anyone else can post some more mnemonics they have used and also how they memorised for their exam (eg: innervations - for anatomical sciences).

thanks..
CALALILY ..
Click to expand...

Good Post!!
 
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easy way to remember pterigoids ----
say-LAA......---ur mouth opens - so its lateral pterigoid in action.
now say MMMM....--ur mouth closes -so medial pterigoids .


Hypersensitivity reactions ---A C I D
type 1 --Anaphylactic
type 2 --Cytotoxic
type 3 --immune complex
type 4 --delayed hypersensitivity

Anaerobic bacteria--- ABC
Actinomyces
Bactriods
Clostridium

Naked RNA virus--CPR
calcivirus
picornavirus
reovirus

Naked DNA virus--PAP
papovirus
adenovirus
parovirus

Good Pastures syndrome---
G-glomerulo nephritis
P-pneumonia/pneumonitis

Geniculate bodies--MALE
Medial--Auditory
Lateral --Eye(visual)
 
1. Acidosis and alkalosis:

Acidosis Alkalosis (ph increase; H+decrease)

Respiratory increase decrease
(CO2)

Metabolic decrease increase
(HCO3-)

**How to read this table: EXAMPLE: in respiratory acidosis, there is increased blood CO2 which is normally due to clow breathing. causes include: asthma, emphysema. Respiratory compensation would involve hyperventilation and renal compensation would involve increase H+ secretion and increase "new" HCO3- reabsorption.

2. Menstrual cycle: MPOL (menstrual, proliferative, ovulation, luteal)

3. purines = A, G. pyrimidines = C, U, T
(PURe As Gold, CUT the PY)

4. TCA/Krebs cycle substrates (Citric Acid Is Krebs Substrate For Mitochondrial Oxidation; alternatively there is a much "dirtier " one: Cindy is Kinky So She Fornicates More often)
Citric acid
Isocitric acid -- formation of isocitric is the rate limiting step
alpha-Ketoglutaric acid
Succinyl CoA
Fumaric acid
Malic acid
Oxaloacetic acid

5.Epidermis layers from surface to base (Californians Like Girls in String Bikinis)
stratum Corineum
" Lucidum
" Granulosum
" Spinosum
" Basalis

Shall try getting some more soon. 🙂 Anyone know how to look at innervations?

Regards..
 
ahhh.. this thing messed up the formatting on number one: this is how it is:
across: acidosis and then alkalosis
down: respiratory and then metabolic
under respiratory acidosis: increase
under respiratory alkalosis: decrease
under metabolic acidosis: decrease
under metabolic alkalosis: increase

draw out the table and put up and down-facing arrows where it says increase and decrease above and see the pattern. then try and understand it saying what may cause which particular condition and what is the respiratory compensation and what is the renal compensation mechanism.

hope this clarifies things better..
 
Proteases in the Duodenum

"Eat Tender Chicken Chunks Elegantly"
Enterokinase
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Carboxypeptidase
Elastase
Note: The first enzyme is produced by intestinal mucosal cells, while the others are produced in inactive precursor forms by the pancreas.
Enterokinase converts trypsinogen into trypsin
Trypsin converts other trypsinogen molecules into trypsin
Trypsin converts chymotrypsinogen into chymotrypsin
Trypsin converts procarboxypeptidase into carboxypeptidase
Trypsin converts proelastase into elastase


Striated Muscle
"ZIAH"
Z-line, I-band, A-band, H-zone

White Blood Cells
(In order of decreasing numbers.)
"Nobody Likes My Educational Background"
N Neutrophils
L Lymphocytes
M Monocytes
E Eosinophils
B Basophils
 
structures passing through foramen ovale:

N-lesser petrosal Nerve
A-Accessory meningeal artery
M-Mandibular nerve
E-Emissary vein
 
alagir said:
structures passing through foramen ovale:

N-lesser petrosal Nerve
A-Accessory meningeal artery
M-Mandibular nerve
E-Emissary vein
Click to expand...


Hey! heres a better one OVALE-
O-otic ganglion (just inferior)
V- V3
A-accessory meningeal artery
L-lesser petrosal nerve
E-emissory vein
 
foramen ovale
MALE
M- mandibular nerve
A- accessory meningeal artery
L- lesser petrosal nerve
E- emissary vein
 
Vertebrae of cervical-7, thoracic-12, lumbar-5

"breakfast, lunch and dinner"

breakfast-7am, lunch-12noon, dinner-5pm

"eat dinner twice"-sacral-5

only one coccyx
 
Superior mediastinum contents----
PVT left BATTLE---
Phrenic nerve
Vagus
Thoracic duct
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Brachiocephalic vein
Aortic arch and its 3 branches
Thymus
Trachea
Lymph nodes
Esophagus


POSTERIOR MEDIASTINUM sructures---
there r four birds--
esophaGOOSE(esophagus)
vaGOOSE nerve
azyGOOSE vein
thoracic DUCK(duct)


please!! add some for micro and biochem.
 
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styloid said:
POSTERIOR MEDIASTINUM sructures---
there r four birds--
esophaGOOSE(esophagus)
vaGOOSE nerve
azyGOOSE vein
thoracic DUCK(duct)


please!! add some for micro and biochem.
Click to expand...

:laugh: sorry, but I thought this was hilarious
 
hey everyone..
i am so happy to see this thread that i started actually come to life. well done everyone that has contributed.. please continue with the great efforts.

hey styloid, i shall try and make up some for biochem. i have included the Krebs cycle one above. here is one on mitosis (wlthough i am sure you already know it).

here are some more (hope these are helping someone out there)..

1. MITOSIS: (PMAT) - prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

2. LIVER FUNCTIONS: (PUSH DoG)
- protein synthesis
- ureas synthesis
- Storage
- Hormone synthesis
- Detoxification
- Glucose and fat metabolism

3. KIDNEY
a) PARTS (Our Careers In Medicine) - outer cortex, inner medulla
b) FLOW OF FLUID (Be Prepared To Look Happy During Computer-based Testing)
- Bowmans capsule
- Proximal Tubules
- Loop Henle
- Distal and Convoluted Tubules
** Yeah, right! like anyone can ever look happy during those awful exams** 🙄

Hope these are useful ..
 
hey thanx ,
the one on liver functions is good!!!
 
psiyung said:
:laugh: sorry, but I thought this was hilarious
Click to expand...
well thats the idea!!! 🙄 "laughter is the best medicine "so the treatment for a good score is to enjoy what ur studying .
 
gr8 job! informative and very interesting !! 👍 👍
 
i wish i knew these mnemonics when i took my part 1.....would have been very very useful.....gr8 job all of u....very innovative and easy way to remember certain volatile anatomical facts !
 
Kaplan review book has some pretty good mnemonics. Like the 'goose' which styloid mentioned 🙂...i love that one too!

Let me quote another interesting one from Kaplan

TO remember which viruses r RNA vs DNA, just memorize DNA viruses(they r fewer) and know that all the rest r RNA viruses.

DNA viruses. Think about how 'HHAPPP' (read as 'happy') you will be once u finish studying.

H - Herpesvirus
H - Hepadnavirus
A - Adenovirus
P - Papovavirus
P - Parvovirus
P - Poxvirus

All the rest r RNA viruses. 😉
 
hey pv25 and enamelina..
thanks for your words of encouragement. yes, i am hoping that there will be more people that might come forth and post some more mnemonics that they use. in addition, everyone should also try and post anything else that they use to memorise. for example: memorising for anatomical sciences and for microbiology is indeed quite difficult as the subject matter is extensive. of course the other subjects are equally as much.. therfore, if anyone can help us, it would be fantastinc to have your contribution..
 
Here are a few mneumonics I picked up whilst at dental school back at home. Hope they help!

Branches of the maxillary division of Trigeminal nerve:

My....................Meningeal branches
Zebra's..............Zygomatic branches
Got...................Ganglionic branches
Pretty...............Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve
Massive.............Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve
Antlers..............Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve

C THREE FOUR AND FIVE KEEP THE DIAPRAGM ALIVE! (3rd, 4th and 5th cervical roots combine to form the phrenic nerve)

Aortic Arch Branches:

Know your ABC'S:

Aortic Arch gives ris to:
Brachiocephalic trunk
left Common Carotid
left Subclavian

The four fates of Pyruvate: GALA

Glucose
Alanine
Lactate
Acetyl Co-A

Fat Soluble Vitamins: KADE

Vitamin K
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E

Essential Amino Acids:

Any.................Arginine
Help................Histidine
In ..................Isoleucine
Learning ..........Lysine
These..............Threonine
Tiny ...............Tyrosine
Little ..............Leucine
Molecules.........Methionine
Could ..............Cysteine
Prove...............Phenylalanine
Truely .............Tryptophan
Valuable...........Valine

I had a few more but I think they're too rude to post on this forum ( I DIDN'T MAKE THEM UP!!)....
 
Internal Jugular Vein tributaries-----
Medical Schools Let Confident People In

from inferior to superior---

Middle thyroid
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Common facial
Pharyngeal
Inferior peetrosal sinus

ELBOW muscles that flex--
3 B's bend the elbow
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Biceps
 
another one i just made up:

structures passing through the parotid gland (FATE GP)
Facial n. (motor branches)
Auriculotemporal n.
Temporal artery and vein
External carotid artery
Great auricular nerve
Parotid (Stenson's) duct
 
hey good job 👍


CALALILY said:
hey everyone..
i am so happy to see this thread that i started actually come to life. well done everyone that has contributed.. please continue with the great efforts.

hey styloid, i shall try and make up some for biochem. i have included the Krebs cycle one above. here is one on mitosis (wlthough i am sure you already know it).

here are some more (hope these are helping someone out there)..

1. MITOSIS: (PMAT) - prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

2. LIVER FUNCTIONS: (PUSH DoG)
- protein synthesis
- ureas synthesis
- Storage
- Hormone synthesis
- Detoxification
- Glucose and fat metabolism

3. KIDNEY
a) PARTS (Our Careers In Medicine) - outer cortex, inner medulla
b) FLOW OF FLUID (Be Prepared To Look Happy During Computer-based Testing)
- Bowmans capsule
- Proximal Tubules
- Loop Henle
- Distal and Convoluted Tubules
** Yeah, right! like anyone can ever look happy during those awful exams** 🙄

Hope these are useful ..
Click to expand...
 
Glycolysis

Goodness (Glucose)
Gracious, (Glucose-6-P)
Father (Fructose-6-P)
Franklin (Fructose-1,6-diP)
Did (Dihydroxyacetone-P)
Go (Glyceraldehyde-P)
By (1,3-Biphosphoglycerate)
Picking (3-phosphoglycerate)
Pumpkins (2-phosphoglycerate)
(to)
PrEPare (Phosphoenolpyruvate [PEP])
Pies (Pyruvate)
 
Regional-functional correlations of the ( Suprarenal gland) can be recalled by remembering the four Ss for salt, sugar, sex, and survival.
Cortex:
Glomerulosa produces mineralcorticoids(e.g.,aldosteron)=regulate Na-K (salt).

Fasciculata produces glucocorticoids(e.g.,hydrocortisone)=CHO(sugar) and protein metabolism.

Reticularis releases Steroid hormones related to sexual function(sex).

Medulla:
Medullary cells produces Epinephrine=fight or flight (survival).
 
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa---

P-S-E-U
P-pneumonia
Sepsis
External otits media
UTI

A-E-R-U-G-I-N-O-S-A
A- "AER"aerobic
E-Exotoxin A
R-Rod
U-UTI, burns and infection
G-Green blue pigment
I-Iron containing lesions
N-negetive(gram),non lactose fermenting
O-oxidase positive
S-sepsis
A- adherence pili
 
Parotid gland:
- structures passing through: (FRE) facial nerve, retromandibular vein, external carotid artery.
- innervation: CN IX (9)
- drained by: stensons duct
- Lymph drainage: parotid lymph nodes --> superficial deep cervial lymph nodes
- crosses: masseter
- pierces: buccinator
 
heart sounds;

S1: 1 is the first number and S for Start of Systole
S2: 2 after 1 => end of... S for Sytole
S3: Middle of S2 and S4: mid Diastole
S4: Die late in life.... Late Diastole
 
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