SGR has nothing to do DIRECTLY with residency funding.
However, as APD mentions, it won't be good for us if the SGR thing kicks in. Maybe you'll have fewer unit secretaries, nursing assistants, or just less money on your meal card when you are on call...
I think this will affect the poorer city hospitals more (as usual) if they cut Medicare. My old program could afford this because they had a crapload of NIH money, rich people donating money, and patients with good insurance. My current hospital, not so much. If our state Medicaid reimbursement gets any worse or we get any more uninsured people through our ER, I don't see how our hospital will make any money at all.
However, this happened before (where they were supposedly going to make a big Medicare growth rate cut) and the AARP flips out and the politicians always vote away the cuts in December, generally.