test in 9 days.. plz help questions..

[wuwu thedentist]

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this is from testlet M
194. each of the following viruses is potentially capable of causing cell transformation except one. which one is the following?
a. retrovirus
b. herpesvirus
c. picornavirus
d. hepatitis B virus
e. human papilloma virus

answer is c. but I cant understand it.
I thought transformation is naked dna uptake in bacteria??
and the q is virus. plus retrovirus is rna.
can somebody explain the thing im missing???
thanks!!! 🙂

 

[coming to terms]

cell transformation here means the capability to induce cancer/malignant transformation ,all the viruses except the family of picorna viruses have been implicated in cancer and that is the answer

 

[IndianGraduate]

i think their main focus is on which virus cant cause cancer (form oncogenes)....that is only C...all others have a potential to cause cancer

 

[wuwu thedentist]

wow thanks!!!!!!!! 😀

 

[porcelain258]

I have a different reason for it.....in transformation, DNA is transferred not RNA ...and only picornavirus of all the above is an RNA virus

 

[coming to terms]

which of the following infections can cause cns damage?
1)rickettsiae
2)chlamydiae?
Please do reply

 

[econservative]

which of the following infections can cause cns damage?
1)rickettsiae- ans
2)chlamydiae?
Please do reply

please coreect me if i am wrong

 

[Acfd2007]

a (Rickettsia) tsutsugamushi is injected into the skin during feeding by a larval trombiculid mite (chigger). An eschar often forms at this location. Rickettsiae spread via the bloodstream and damage the microcirculation of the skin (rash), lungs (pneumonitis), brain (encephalitis), and other organs. The generalized enlargement of lymph nodes is unique among rickettsial diseases. Orientia (Rickettsia) tsutsugamushi is phagocytosed by the host cell, escapes from the phagosome into the cytosol, divides by binary fission, and is released from projections of the cell membrane (Fig. 38-4). The pathogenic mechanism of O tsutsugamushi is not known.
Epidemiology

 

[wuwu thedentist]

which of the following represents the most numerous leukocytes found in gingival crevicular fluid?
a. monocytes
b. neutrophils
c. plasma cells
d. b-lymphocytes
e. t-lymphocytes



the microflora of the healthy gingival sulcus is predominantly
a. spirochetes and yeasts
b. G(+) facultative rods and spirochetes
c. G(+) facultative cocci and filamentous bacteria
d. G(-) anaerobic rods and fusobacteria
e. G(-) anaerobic cocci and G(+) facultative cocci.

whats the answer?
and... since its a healthy sulcus, is the normal flora the same as normal oral flora? the decks says 'the normal healthy mouth consists mainly of obligate and facultative anaerobes, and acidogenic bacteria. it is essentially these same bacteria which are found in the notmal healthy gingival sulcus that become opportunistic and influence the course of periodontal disease'..
please explain....
and Im seriously asking... my test is on coming tuesday.. if i still don't know these things.. maybe im not ready..???
are these obvious basics..???? i know its a funny question...

 

[porcelain258]

which of the following represents the most numerous leukocytes found in gingival crevicular fluid?
a. monocytes
b. neutrophils
c. plasma cells
d. b-lymphocytes
e. t-lymphocytes



the microflora of the healthy gingival sulcus is predominantly
a. spirochetes and yeasts
b. G(+) facultative rods and spirochetes
c. G(+) facultative cocci and filamentous bacteria
d. G(-) anaerobic rods and fusobacteria
e. G(-) anaerobic cocci and G(+) facultative cocci.

whats the answer?
and... since its a healthy sulcus, is the normal flora the same as normal oral flora? the decks says 'the normal healthy mouth consists mainly of obligate and facultative anaerobes, and acidogenic bacteria. it is essentially these same bacteria which are found in the notmal healthy gingival sulcus that become opportunistic and influence the course of periodontal disease'..
please explain....
and Im seriously asking... my test is on coming tuesday.. if i still don't know these things.. maybe im not ready..???
are these obvious basics..???? i know its a funny question...

pls correct me if wrong

 

[Shradha]

which of the following represents the most numerous leukocytes found in gingival crevicular fluid?
a. monocytes
b. neutrophils
c. plasma cells
d. b-lymphocytes
e. t-lymphocytes



the microflora of the healthy gingival sulcus is predominantly
a. spirochetes and yeasts
b. G(+) facultative rods and spirochetes
c. G(+) facultative cocci and filamentous bacteria
d. G(-) anaerobic rods and fusobacteria
e. G(-) anaerobic cocci and G(+) facultative cocci.

whats the answer?
and... since its a healthy sulcus, is the normal flora the same as normal oral flora? the decks says 'the normal healthy mouth consists mainly of obligate and facultative anaerobes, and acidogenic bacteria. it is essentially these same bacteria which are found in the notmal healthy gingival sulcus that become opportunistic and influence the course of periodontal disease'..
please explain....
and Im seriously asking... my test is on coming tuesday.. if i still don't know these things.. maybe im not ready..???
are these obvious basics..???? i know its a funny question...

1st ans is b
2nd ans is c

 

[Shradha]

i think the 2nd ans should be................... C

 

[Shradha]

pls correct me if wrong

i think 2nd ans should be ................c

 

[Shradha]

i think the 2nd ans should be................... C

which of the following represents the most numerous leukocytes found in gingival crevicular fluid?
a. monocytes
b. neutrophils
c. plasma cells
d. b-lymphocytes
e. t-lymphocytes



the microflora of the healthy gingival sulcus is predominantly
a. spirochetes and yeasts
b. G(+) facultative rods and spirochetes
c. G(+) facultative cocci and filamentous bacteria
d. G(-) anaerobic rods and fusobacteria
e. G(-) anaerobic cocci and G(+) facultative cocci.

whats the answer?
and... since its a healthy sulcus, is the normal flora the same as normal oral flora? the decks says 'the normal healthy mouth consists mainly of obligate and facultative anaerobes, and acidogenic bacteria. it is essentially these same bacteria which are found in the notmal healthy gingival sulcus that become opportunistic and influence the course of periodontal disease'..
please explain....
and Im seriously asking... my test is on coming tuesday.. if i still don't know these things.. maybe im not ready..???
are these obvious basics..???? i know its a funny question...

i think these are the ans.

 

[porcelain258]

hey Shradha
we have already seen .....don't post it again pls!!!!!