How are healthcare facilities able to keep on charging more than their expenses and various insurances including MediCare willing to reimburse them for that excess amount? I just don't understand how the government is letting non-profit hospitals being wealthy, when it's not even their mission to.
The government isn't regulating hospital profits.
The hospitals are there to profit as much as they can. The system isn't transparent and there's very little attempt to control costs - as the higher the costs are, the more the hospitals get paid. Basically, the system gives incentives to be wasteful and to perform as many covered procedures/services as possible.
Insurance pays because they promise to pay - if you have their policy, they have to pay what is included in their policy. Since there are little controls, the healthcare spending can now go through the roof. Insurance companies then realize they aren't profiting enough, so they raise their premiums, making insurance cost more and more.
No one is accountable. Hospitals charge so much because of all the people not paying. Insurance charges so much because all the tests/procedures/drugs ordered often unnecessarily. Pharm charges so much because they can - no one can compete. Once a drug becomes a generic they tuck tail and run, to find a new monopoly where they can charge $7,000 for a single drug. Medical device manufacturers are the same, they charge so much because they can - the hospital will bill whatever they charge and the insurance has promised to pay for procedures. If you hip implant costs $5,000 instead of $500 - who cares!? It's what the market will pay, the patient doesn't know or care how much the implant costs - the insurance company has promised to pay for the procedure, why? They will just shift the costs to the system the next year. Insurance companies remained profitable throughout the last decade, year after year for this simple fact. They can anticipate what their costs will be, then increase premiums and therefore command whatever profit they want. All with little to no competition. Most states have a few insurers to choose from.
And then we just added millions of extra people to the same system...