Why is trazodone rarely used for depression?

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hebel

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Why is trazodone rarely utilized as an early-on monotherapy option for depression?

You would think it's a solid option with it's low incidence of weight gain and sexual side effects, combined with it's benefits on sleep.

Maybe you run into tolerability issues when you dose it above the lower doses used for sleep? I'd be unaware personally, because I self-admittedly rarely use it like this as well.

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Yes, tolerability seems generally pretty bad over the 50-100mg people generally use for insomnia. Antidepressant doses are more like 150mg+ and most people just can't tolerate the drop in functioning that's required to end up tolerating these higher doses (ex. can't take off work for a couple weeks while they try to adjust to 200mg of trazodone without sleeping 12 hours a day).

Theres also some thought that it can actually worsen dysphoria, especially when combined with most antidepressants for sleep, which is why I tend to peel it off if people have been taking it for a while and still complaining of depression/anhedonia/dysphoria.
 
yes basically what the above said. The therapuetic dose range of trazodone is roughly 200-300mg. The biggest problem with that is have you tried trazodone before? Ive used it for sleep before. 50mg knocks me on my butt, and 100mg i feel groggy next day. I cant imagine using 3x that lol.
 
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yes basically what the above said. The therapuetic dose range of trazodone is roughly 200-300mg. The biggest problem with that is have you tried trazodone before? Ive used it for sleep before. 50mg knocks me on my butt, and 100mg i feel groggy next day. I cant imagine using 3x that lol.

I never have, but have taken Benadryl a few times in my life to sleep. 25-50mg left me feeling like my brain couldn't fully "turn on" until about 2pm the next day. I don't know how some patients tolerate the massive polypharm regimens I've seen them on.

Then again, there's plenty of patients who claim that they notice no sedation on trazodone (especially insomnia patients), so perhaps it could be a reasonable choice for them?
 
Trazodone is very similar to a TCA and like TCAs expect to be zonked at the dosages where it actually works as an antidepressant as written above.

This is why when Prozac came out it was such as big deal. Back in the TCA days we had a med that made patients gain weight, feel like a zombie, and sleep too much at the therapeutic dosage not to mention the medication itself could be used to commit suicide.

Finally an antidepressant where at least when the majority took it they didn't have seriously bad side effects. Of course Prozac can cause side effects but with TCAs we expected heavy oversedation and weight gain where as with Prozac it's realistic to possibly not have any and if so the problem was usually minor compared to a TCA.

This is also why back in the pre-Prozac days psychiatrists didn't prescribe antidepressants as much. So when patients were depressed psychiatrists threw some Freudian bull$hit response.
Patient: Doc I've been seeing you for over a year and I'm still depressed.
Doc: That's very interesting. What is depression and how do you know you're really depressed?
Patient: Cause you diagnosed me with it and I feel terrible.
Doc: What is terrible? What is depression?

There is a right and valid time for psychodynamic "what's the sound of one hand clapping." Before the use of meds, however, seemed as if it was overused.
 
I've used it early on for certain patients (insomniac anxious depressed ones) and found pretty fair success. They generally sleep more and as long as it's just one dose at night they aren't too oversedated, even at the higher doses as long as I avoid the extended release formulation. It's generally less effective than giving them a different antidepressant, since there's nobody I've kept on trazodone monotherapy for longer than 6 or so months for one reason or another. I did have one patient (a medical student) who had no problem taking 200 mg TID while he was on clinical rotations, so sedation doesn't happen even when you might expect it.

They generally do well with nefazodone, a TCA, or Remeron after the trazodone. The nefazodone ones get too nauseated, the rest get fat (less so with imipramine).
 
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I inherited a patient on 800mg of trazodone who had been on it for almost a year. The notes I received from the previous provider said to be on 600mg so I thought it was an error on the patient's part. But when I decreased the dose back down to 600mg, he got more depressed so we went back up to 800mg and he's been doing fine on that. Not zonked or overly fatigued during the day and continues to work.
 
I don't know much of anything, but there must be some receptor polymorphisms or variability in receptor distribution where antihistamines don't do much for some people.

One advantage of Desyrel vs Benadryl is essentially no Ach-R blockade.
 
I inherited a patient on 800mg of trazodone who had been on it for almost a year. The notes I received from the previous provider said to be on 600mg so I thought it was an error on the patient's part. But when I decreased the dose back down to 600mg, he got more depressed so we went back up to 800mg and he's been doing fine on that. Not zonked or overly fatigued during the day and continues to work.

Which makes me wonder was anything else tried? Is the person a super-metabolizer? Wow. Never went there cause when you have to go over the FDA maximum amount this is usually the exception.
 

Combination antidepressant treatment outperforms monotherapy in meta-analysis​

Publish date: February 16, 2022

This study suggests that combination of SSRI/SNRI + TRAZODONE or REMERON
Can be more effective than Monotherapy for SSRI/SNRI
 
Well, I mean, you aren't technically depressed when you are unconscious. I bet if you add topirimate to the mix, you can pretty much eliminate any depressive thoughts. It's hard to ruminate when you can't think!
Shhhhh you'll put pharma out of business with these old drug combos
 
I was taught that it just wasn't really all that effective compared to other antidepressant options which I've found to be anecdotally true. That may just be confirmation bias, but something about telling patients we're going to push up to 300-400 mg of it when they can feel it at 50mg is something they're often hesitant about. On a side note, one or two of those attendings also felt nefazodone was underutilized, so idk.

Cursory searches of updated studies seems to suggest that trazodone should be a consideration and at appropriate doses is just as effective as SSRI/SNRIs.
 

Combination antidepressant treatment outperforms monotherapy in meta-analysis​

One of those things where if you read STAR*D for real you'd already know this. STAR*D clearly showed antidepressants worked about 50% but most of those "successes" were only partial improvement. Very few were in full-remission. Then it went over combinations and that (obvious now) if you tried multiple meds of the same class and they failed expect others of the same class to fail.

I noticed after STEP-BD, STAR*D, and CATIE came out our field took a huge step forward. The amount of people who prescribed on a reasoning that was quite insane such as "I like this medication" (I being the provider not the patient) or, "I prescribed Seroquel cause the color on the packaging is a very beautiful purple-pink," or "it's spiritual" went down, and up went the reasoning of "this medication shows higher efficacy in studies."

We were only just a few decades behind our colleagues in other fields.

I was still in residency and on this message forum just before these studies came out and noticed quite a shift forward in the understanding of the meds we as a field prescribe in this forum, and the amount of egoist, "I'm always right" psychiatrists using Freudian explanations without any objective proof to back them up. I remember one of them on this form was mentioning his forum of therapy is he talks to a patient, within a meeting tells them they're wrong on some level, and anytime that patient complains it's just further proof he's right and they're wrong. The guy hasn't posted here for years. If a resident ever brought up frustration with their training that same guy would reply without knowing the situation that the resident was wrong.

There was a situation I detected where some Philadelphia hospitals were found dumping their patients putting them on a bus to another city. That same bozo came onto the forum and declared such a thing would never happen. Then a few months later it was public headlines that hospitals in the west outside of California were doing it and dumping patients to California. (And yes the Philadelphia hospitals were dumping).

Just as an example the notion that "Spontaneous Remission" occurs in Schizophrenia was still being pushed while I was a resident in the early 2000s. I don't see anyone talking about that at all these days. No one yet publicly declared that this thing was a total load of hogwash as official, just that it's not mentioned anymore. I still occasionally saw someone push a schizophrenogenic mother idea while as a resident. I saw an attending, while a PGY-IV, (this was in the 2000s) who still only prescribed typicals and TCAs. I recall correctly diagnosing a case of Charles Bonnet Syndrome and the attending I was working with in consults didn't know WTF it was and thought if it was a psych consult that we weren't supposed to consider it was anything other than psych, therefore this person who recently went blind, and was having visual hallucinations must have schizophrenia (despite not being in the age bracket to get it and having no sx of psychosis other than visual hallucinations).

For a few years I said you're only a real psychiatrist if you read STAR*D, CATIE, and STEP-BD although I believe now our most current graduates entered a field where the paradigm shifted enough for them to get away with not reading these studies.
 
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Yes, tolerability seems generally pretty bad over the 50-100mg people generally use for insomnia. Antidepressant doses are more like 150mg+ and most people just can't tolerate the drop in functioning that's required to end up tolerating these higher doses (ex. can't take off work for a couple weeks while they try to adjust to 200mg of trazodone without sleeping 12 hours a day).

Theres also some thought that it can actually worsen dysphoria, especially when combined with most antidepressants for sleep, which is why I tend to peel it off if people have been taking it for a while and still complaining of depression/anhedonia/dysphoria.
Interestingly, there's a correlation between younger patients being on trazodone for sleep and treatment resistant depression that popped up at AACAP this year. No way to say whether it's causative, perhaps trazodone tends to get tossed at people who have difficulty with sleep, which may itself correlate with treatment resistance
 
Speculation but this could lead to a paradigm shift in our field.

Nightmares are strongly correlated with risk of suicide. Same with poor sleep. Same with depression. There has been some recent momentum in evidenced-based data showing a higher correlation with nightmares and suicide that before went unnoticed. As an example the Columbia Scale which when it came out (and this wasn't that long ago) doesn't factor nightmares into it. This more recent discovery could lead to nightmares being placed into suicide risk screens.

What can possibly treat all 3? Trazodone. The only meds that show some decent statistical power in reducing nightmares are Trazodone, Prazosin and Clonidine. There are other meds with published studies showing reduction in nightmares but these are weak. E.g. a sample size of 15 and never repeated.

Getting back to the original point, IMHO if a patient has insomnia and nightmares, these need to be prioritized higher in treatment especially if the person has severe depression, even more so with suicidal ideation.
 
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