COLLECTING AGAIN!!! High Yield INFO
Let's keep Posting to help out fellow SDNers studying for Step 1!!!
1. People drink goat's milk = Folate/B12 deficiency(Megaloblastic Anemia).
2. Mid 40's Obese Woman = Cholelithiasis
3. Oral Glucose = "Ph"aster Insulin Release
4. Tea and Toast diet--Vitamin C deficiency
5. Long term broad spectrum antibiotic use--clotting deficiency
6. Neuro defects on INH--Vit B6 deficiencfy
7. Clostridium difficile(spelling) Psueudomembranous colitis
Rx with Metronidazole(most cost effective) 2nd PO Vancomycin
8. Posterior cord brachial plexus Axillary n. for abduction
Radial n. for extension
9. Carbidopa and Levadopa combined because carbidopa is a
dopamine decarboxylase inhibitor doesnt cross BBB,diminishes
metabolism of levodopa in peripheral tissues and increases the
availability of levodopa in the CNS.
10. Pellagra: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, death; caused by niacin
(vit B3 deficiency).
11. Hartnup's disease and Carcinoid syndrome...
Remember endogenous NAD+ (related to niacin) is generated from trp
catabolism. If dietary trp resorption is impaired (Hartnup's dz) or if trp is
being shunt toward other catabolites (Carcinoid syndrome --> xs 5-HT),
then you'll get sxs of niacin deficiency
12. Chloroquine is ONLY a blood schizonticide (inhibits malarial heme
polymerase)
**watch out for G6PD, toxic psychosis,ocular toxicity* commonly used with
tissue schizonticide Primaquine because of liver latent P.ovale and vivax,these forms could absolutely be seen in the US
13. Vitamin deficiency associated with pheochromocytoma? Vitamin C, which aids in catalyzing dopamine-->norepi
14. a case of cystic fibrosis will also have :
eye/visual probs (vit A def)
hypocalcemia/bone prbs (vit D)
bleeding issues (vit K)
all kinds of nerve damage incl retinopathy, muscular degeneration,
INCREACE IN LIPOFUSCIN CAUSING BROWN BOWEL SYNDROME
and hemolytic anemia and edema (all vit E
15.A man who recently had an MI is started on warfarin therapy. 3 months later, he has been working out, dieting, and taking vitamin supplements, but he feels weak and looks pale. His INR is found to be three times the standard interval, and he shows characteristics of iron-deficienct anemia. What vitamin has he taken too much of?
Vitamin E - inhibits the liver synthesis of the vitamin K-dependent factors (II, VII, IX, X). Effectively intensifies the action of warfarin.
16. Meigs syndrome - ovarian fibroma ,ascites and R. pleural effusion- important cause it can mimick ovarian Ca
17. A diet with zero fat intake will lead to Vitamin A deficiency (pt presents w/ visual prob's).
18. Zinc Deficiency = Inability to smell and/or taste
19. Fat Digestion begins in stomach via lingual lipase(released in mouth)
20. Oral glucose activates Gastric Inhibitory peptide. GIP activates insulin
secretion.
21. Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Procainamide, Penacillamine (HIPP) = Systemic Lupus erythematosus
22. Oat Cell Carcinoma = Smokers = ectopic ACTH
23. Factory Worker = microcyic anemia, excess fatigue
24. Asthma, sarcoidosis or interstitial fibrosis = Restrictive Airway Disease
25. 6-10 month old baby crying = Stranger Anxiety
26. Reineke's crystalloids = Leydig Cell Carcinoma
27. Gardeners, Field workers = Organophosphate poisioning (ACH estase
inhibition)- irreversible noncompetitive
28. Alpha Thallesemia = Asians
29. Korsakoff's syndrome = alcohol, vitamin B1 deficiency, short term memory
loss
30. Ab Diversity = DNA rearrangement
31. Fasting individual drinks alcohol, becomes comatose = hypoglycemia
32. Trinucleotide repeats, anticipation to future generations = Huntington's
disease, Fragile X, Frederich's Ataxia, Myotonic Dystrophy
33. Diphtheria toxin = EF2 inactivation (KNOW common toxins in translation)
34. Cystic Fibrosis = Pancreatic deficiency, oily stools, serum lipase&amylase, high chloride sweat test
35. Paradoxic urine = metaoblic alkalosis (pH of urine is acidic)
36.What resembles G6PD but IS NOT X linked?
pyruvate kinase deficiency
37. Gaucher's disease (glucocerebrosidase defncy) causes ERLENMEYER FLASK shaped femoral head on xray. accumulation of macrophages, corticomedullary osteonecrosis.
38. Drugs causing Lupus=CHIMP
C=Chlorpromazine, H=Hydralizine, I=Isoniazid, M=Methyldopa, P=Procainamide
39. Beta Thalasemia Major=Target lesions (peripheral smear), "Crew cut" on Head X-ray
40.Aniline dye=Transitional Cell Carcinoma
41. Rose gardner=Sporothrix schenkii; KISS it--Potassium (K) Iodide or itraconazole for S. Schenkii
42. Periodic hypertension, tachy, sweaty=Pheochromocytoma (10% rule)
43. Osteopetrosis..too much deposition at metaphyisis..also known as marble bone dz.
44. pseudomonas also ass. with Cystic Fibosis
45. On the jugular venous pulse
c-wave-S1, tricuspid closed,bulging of tricuspic iinto atrium (twisting of the ventricles after AV valve opens)
v-wave systole, *filling of R.atrium, terminates when tricuspid
valve opens,beginning of S2
46. Dimorphic Fungii = "Bad Hyphae Change Shape" = Blasto, Histo, Coccidio,
Sporothrix
47. Jarish-Herxheimer Rxn: flulike reaction (fever, chills, myalgias,
tachypnea, tachycardia, & incr WBCs) within 2 hours of a Penicillin G
treatment for syphillis