Here is what I put on the exam.
Let's compare!
1A
- One pancreatic hormone is the beta cell insulin and another pancreatic hormone is the alpha cell glucagon. The purpose of insulin is to decrease your blood glucose level, while glucagon is used to increase your blood glucose level.
1B (not sure...)
- The hormone glucagon targets alpha cells. The way glucagon can alter activity is by releasing glucose into the body and thus increasing glucose level. The reason this likely happens is because the body sends a signal due to a low glucose level and the response is the release of glucose/glucagon. (My mind is blanking out on what I wrote about cell transduction).
1C (BS'ed)
- A protein hormone sends signals by having a glycoprotein on the outer membrane for cell recognition. It also has a multi histocompatible complex to identify between self and non-self.
2A
- Graphed all the points
X Axis - Time
Y Axis - Maltose
Label - Maltose concentration by amylase (or something like that
Reaction rate = 10.4/30 approximately .33 micro M per minute.
2B
-There was a change in reactionary time after 30 minutes because the substrate likely ran out and the enzyme had no more function left. The substrate, which is starch, probably was used and there was no more maltose production.
2C
- I basically multiplied everything by 2x and stopped once it reached 11 basically.
2D
- Temperature and pH. The enzyme will be much faster once it reaches it's optimal temperature, because the enzymes likely move more and more surface area is exposed and the probability of an enzyme touching a substrate is high. However, past the optimal temperature, the enzyme will denature and will come apart and no longer function.
( I wrote a similar description for pH).
3A
-(Super detailed; showed punnet squares, etc)
I stated that cross I and cross II are examples of autosomal dominate traits. The bronze eyes were dominate and the stunted wings were dominate. Showed LOTS of work.
3B
-I did:
Parent: AABB x aabb
F1: AaBb x aabb
I just stated the reason for the results may have been due to mutation or the fact that the sample size was small and the offsprings do not have to necessarily be exact to the ratio (explanation is probably incorrect... any points though?)
4A
- As the succession goes up the biodiversity will drastically increase and there will be more gases and organisms. (something like that...)
4B
- First there will likely be rocks that will be broken up into soil by some organisms and since the soil will be poor, there likely will be nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil to make the soil more nutrient filled. As a result, other plant life and organisms will start to form such as the animal plants. From the animal plants, there will be an increase in O2 levels and the exposure from the sun's light will allow more photosynthesis to occur and more complex trees/ecosystem will grow.
4C
- Immediate effect: Everything will be wiped out. However, it will be secondary succession and a new ecosystem can grow a lot faster after the natural disaster because there is no need for a spontaneous reaction to occur which is needed for primary succession. Since the soil is already there and still nutrient rich, the succession will be a lot faster than primary.
Similar for the second scenario.