Did you even read the article?
Here are a few take away points:
First, not sure why we're dead last on this. Several other countries (most notably Canada and Norway) have scores similar to ours. In fact, the only areas where we score poorly are either known issues like cost/efficiency, BS issues like equity, or things that have nothing to do with our healthcare system like healthy lives (if you weight 400 pounds there's not much that I as a doctor can do about it).
Second, the article I posted has numerous outcomes:
Third, the report itself is not very good. I actually went looking at the whole thing so let's go point by point shall we?
For example, one of the measures for effective is not going to f/u appointments because of cost. That has nothing to do with effective care, that's a cost issue. You go based on the care that's delivered.
Another was in safe care, "Patient
believed a medical mistake was made..." What kind of a **** measure is that? Not was a mistake made but does the patient THINK one was made? Other than that one, we're middle of the pack for all other safe care.
We actually did better on coordinated care than I expected which is nice.
On patient centered measure the only one we scored poorly on was "With the same doctor 5 years or more". That's not always a systems problem - patients will jump around on their own frequently for who knows why.
Access was a mixed bag - on costs we naturally did poorly. On Timeliness of care we're middle of the road.
Efficiency was also a mixed bag. Some of it where we did poorly makes sense - %GDP, time spent arguing with insurance, stuff like that. One that makes no sense to me is "Doctors report that time spent getting medication approved is a major problem." It really isn't. Most insurance has a formulary that is easy to work with. They don't cover lantus? They will cover levemir. Easy. Procedures you submit the information, if its not covered you tell the patient that. Its an irritant at most. "Visited ER for condition that could have been treated by a regular doctor". That's because patients are impatient and stupid (not always, but often). I had a patient go to the ED at 2pm on a Thursday for a cold. I had 4 appointments open that day. Why should her not even thinking about calling the office mark us down? This also gets us marked down for ED wait times.
Equity is utter nonsense so we'll just skip that one.
Healthy lives as I said is not something that is 100% a systems issue. You have stuff like this:
https://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/Obesity-Update-2017.pdf
Among OECD countries, we're the most obese by a lot. Compared with the 10 countries in your BS study, we're 50% more obese (38% v. 26%) than the next closest and roughly 3X as much as most of the rest - they hover around 12%. Almost everything results from that - more heart disease, worse OB outcomes, more diabetes and its complications, you get the idea. This point is key to most of these irritating discussions because if you gave us Norway's population I promise you our outcomes would be better than Norway's - and I don't mean all white people, I mean 90% not fat people.