I do think your clinical experience would be considered a huge plus. Plenty of people arrive in path after experience in other specialites and it's viewed as a positive thing - more perspective, experience, knowledge base, ability to connect with clinicians. I'm not so sure about the "patriotic card" but overall yes I would think most people would respect you for having undergone some pretty rigorous experiences. You would likely do just fine in the match.
However your CV as you describe it does not scream academics/research. (This is not a bad thing.) I'm sure your interest is genuine, but the more hardline PDs/chairs who really try to recruit academicians would not be convinced, with your not having a PhD, not doing research as a med student, etc. Few people take up serious research for the first time in residency. Residency is pretty busy and even people who have done serious research in the past find their time, energy & interest waning. As for your interest in teaching, I think that's great, and maybe some PDs would too, but keep in mind that teaching is extremely undervalued in big research-oriented academic centers, and might not be a huge selling point in your application...sad, but I've found it to be true. Although again this might depend on how hardline the place is about bringing in research $.
Anyway, I don't think you would really need to work the academics angle too much in your application - you've got plenty of other strengths.