I recently went to shadow a doctor and I was very impressed when he rigged a catapult to launch 947 mL of blood at a 44 degree angle directly into a patient's left ventricle. C'mon. If you can tell your a$$ from your car door you can develop a "meaningful conceptualization of how the world around us works." Does it help a little? probably... but nothing like making a complete d-bag out of yourself with gross generalizations.
And yet I remain remarkably confident about what I said. I think you severely overestimate the scientific literacy of Americans. One semester of physics does not have to be one semester of Physics 101, the premed course. Many undergraduate institutions offer physics for non-science majors that takes a slightly less quantitative approach. I'm sorry if you disagree, but I think that people that claim to have a full degree from a non-technical or non-trade institution (i.e. your liberal arts college) should understand the following:
1) Newton's basic three laws.
2) How to think about velocity and acceleration.
3) What makes up an atom and why we think it holds together.
4) How potential, kinetic, and thermal energy relate.
5) Why electricity works.
6) The dynamics of flow (effects of radius, distance, and viscosity).
7) How electricity and magnetism are related.
8) The definition of light as a wave and a particle.
9) Refraction of light.
We should not be so helpless when it comes to technology, leaving it up to the "experts." There is a lot that everyone should be able to understand so that they can be smarter consumers, do certain things for themselves, and make educated decisions on how science and technology affect our lives. I don't care if you can calculate the gravitational force between two objects of mass M1 and M2. I do care that you know that each object is pulling the other and that one object is not exclusively doing the pulling. I also care that you know that in the case of the Earth and the Sun, the Sun's enormous mass relative to the Earth is the reason why the Earth revolves around the Sun and not vice versa.