Possible? Yeah....but very probably no. I did an NIH/Merck-Merial summer prog with an independent project (+ funding, thank goodness) and got great results.....my PI was sure a first author on perhaps an online journal, low/med impact would hit....but you also need to think about how long it takes to write a good paper. By the time the project was over, school was up and running again. Still got a poster and conference deal out of it, but likely no publication just because I have no time to write the sucker, past the blurbs I'd managed to get down while the it was running.
I agree that the best way to get a publication out is to stick with a lab. See how many papers they churn out and how much they're willing to let you do. Don't settle for being someone's lab monkey. I don't know what your funding options are for undergrad, but if you can get a little money then more labs would look your way also. There are lots of programs out there for undergrad research.