Step I b and t cells desfunction

[faisal 2000]

• A. Patients with decreased B cell function and early complement deficiencies are at increased risk for infection by encapsulated organisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae type B, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Group B Streptococcus.
• B. Patients with decreased T cells or granulocytes are at increased risk for infection by fungi and parasites such as Candida, Pneumocystis, and Cryptococcus spp.
• C. Patients with decreased granulocyte function are at increased risk for infection by Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia, Nocardia, and Burkholderia cepacia.
• E. Patients with decreased T cells are at increased risk for infection by viruses such as cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr virus, JC virus, varicella-zoster virus, and gastroenteric viruses.

i confused by these info. any one has good explanation with details about them

 

[Blind date18]

A- all bacteria you mentioned are encapsulated organisms , our body deals with these organisms by opsonization ie coating the bacteria which makes easy for our phagocytic cells to swallow them, main opsoinins in our body are IgG and c3b .This is the main reason we vaccinate against encapsulated organisms post splenctomy

B- coming to this granulocytes (mainly eosinophils) are our main defenses against parasites,they destroy parasites by releasing major basic proteins this is cytotoxic to them,T cells particularly th2 release Il-4 we need this for class switching to IgE which activates eosinophils Il-5 this is chemotatic to eoisnophils

C- iam not sure but all organisms you mentioned are catalase positive i think it has something to do with oxidative burst

D-all virus are obligate intracellular parasites so they will be expressed of MHC class 1(all endogenously synthesized antigens) so now cd-8 postive cells and NK cells are our main defenses which are inturn activated by th 1 cells, this is reason why we see many latent viral activation in Hiv

Hope this helps!

 

[Pepe18]

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