Each province has different rules re. whether they have (or not) a pathway from specialty recognition towards registration with the Medical Council of Canada, and licensure.
Here is some info from Quebec re. some potential shortcuts
http://www.cmq.org/asp/english.asp?id=898
The process is pretty arduous, lengthy, and expensive. Typically, if your primary qualification (MD degree) is not from Canada, Australia, NZ, UK, or USA (which I assume is your case), most provinces will require that you go through the whole Evaluating exam and Qualifying exams sequence (similar to the USMLE's) before they consider you for licensure; then the specialty recognition is a whole separate process. You may also end up in some visa-related vicious circles re. not having Canadian permanent residency/citizenship, or not having a job offer, etc.
Best bet is to check with each province re. their licensure requirements, and they will have some info on their websites.
Also check with each province's dept. of health sites where they have shortage areas and potential jobs available.
It's definitely not a streamlined process like in the US, and it doesn't look too "FMG friendly".