Can someone please help me understand this? Mendel's law of random assortment

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alphamine

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"Mendel's law of random assortment applies when genes for two characters are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes or when they are far enough apart on the same chromosome to behave as though they are on different chromosomes."

What does the bolded part mean? I know the first part refers to alleles on two different chromosomes, but the second part is confusing me. Does it mean that an allele on a chromosome can break off or something during anaphase 1?
 
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