Irregularities in Boldt's research were first noticed last year by readers of the U.S.-based journal Anesthesia and Analgesia, which had published a Boldt study of interleukin-6 levels associated with colloidal albumin and HES solutions.
According to the journal's editor, Steven L. Shafer, MD, three readers contacted the journal to say that the standard deviations in the paper's reported IL-6 concentrations seemed too small to be believable.
Shafer, describing the events in an editorial in the journal, said he checked with experts on IL-6 biology who agreed that the standard deviations were not plausible. He indicated that a close reading disclosed other suspicious findings.