Consider the following pedigree (I don't have a picture):
What is the most likely mode of inheritance?
a) X-linked recessive
b) X-linked dominant
c) autosomal dominant
d) autosomal recessive
e) none of these without more information
Well, I don't have the book. So, I can't provide you with an exact answer. But I can give you a general guideline on how to approach such problems.
1-Look at the generations. Does the trait of interest skip few generations and reappear again? If yes, you're looking at a recessive trait. Another way you can detect a recessive trait is to look for unaffected parents who have at least one affected child.
If no (If the trait appears in each and every generation), then you're looking at a dominant trait. Another way you can detect a dominant trait is that at least one parent of any affected child, must be affected.
This alone should help you eliminate some of the wrong choices and narrow down your answer.
Now that we know how to determine whether the trait is recessive or not, let's move on and determine whether its Autosomal or X-linked:
1-X-linked traits are gender specific and they are more common in males as oppose to females. So, look in your pedigree. If the trait only shows up in a specific gender, then you're most likely looking at an X-linked trait.
If the trait appears in both males and females, then it's most likely Autosomal.
Hope this info will help you find the correct answer.