A 10-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of vomiting for 6 hours. He has had excessive
thirst and excretion of large amounts of urine for 3 weeks. His pulse is 120/min, and respirations are 32/min.
Physical examination shows sunken eyes and diminished skin turgor. Serum studies show hyperglycemia, ketosis,
and metabolic acidosis. Urine studies show glucose and ketones. Which of the following sets of hepatic findings is
most likely in this patient?
Phosphoprotein
Protein Kinase A Phosphatase cAMP
(A) ↑ ↑ ↓
(B) ↑ ↓ ↑
(C) ↑ ↓ ↓
(D) ↓ ↑ ↑
(E) ↓ ↓ ↑
(F) ↓ ↓ ↓
I understand phosphatase should decrease.
Why PKA and cAMP are increased? Is this because of epinephrine's effect?
In type 1 DM, the glucagon should decrease (? I am not sure). Glucagon activates PKA-cAMP. So even there is more epinephrine, the PKA-cAMP may still be normal.
thirst and excretion of large amounts of urine for 3 weeks. His pulse is 120/min, and respirations are 32/min.
Physical examination shows sunken eyes and diminished skin turgor. Serum studies show hyperglycemia, ketosis,
and metabolic acidosis. Urine studies show glucose and ketones. Which of the following sets of hepatic findings is
most likely in this patient?
Phosphoprotein
Protein Kinase A Phosphatase cAMP
(A) ↑ ↑ ↓
(B) ↑ ↓ ↑
(C) ↑ ↓ ↓
(D) ↓ ↑ ↑
(E) ↓ ↓ ↑
(F) ↓ ↓ ↓
I understand phosphatase should decrease.
Why PKA and cAMP are increased? Is this because of epinephrine's effect?
In type 1 DM, the glucagon should decrease (? I am not sure). Glucagon activates PKA-cAMP. So even there is more epinephrine, the PKA-cAMP may still be normal.