As you probably know, current thought is that Neanderthals were a far distant, and competitive, "cousin" of the homo saipein, rather then being the root of our evolutionary tree. There is a littany of evidence that experts can rattle off on either side of the evolution debate. Really evolution requires a massive amount of faith in a theory with many difficulties. The same of course can be said for creationism as well. If you are interested, try reading a book called Darwin's Proof. I can't remember the author's name, but you should be able to do a search at Barnes and Noble and find it. The book is written by a biochemist (PhD from Cal Tech I think) who outlines some of the reasons why evolution does not fit all the evidence as nicely as we are lead to believe. It also points out that the primary reason why evolution arose as a powerful theory was the presupposition that design and a semi-linear progression of complexity demonstrated an evolutionary process, not a divine one. That supposition is assuming that you know how God would have chosen to do things and that he would not have chosen to make stuff in a progressive or hierarchial pattern. Wish I could explain as well as the author did, but try picking up the book (I read it over a break), I think you will find it both enlightening and allow you to feel more comfortable in your faith, as opposed to feeling like some ignorant dreamer luddite that many in the scientific community would have any creationist feel.