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Mainly an educational case for the medical students and residents but I thought the rest of you might also be interested.
So, I'm wrapping up my charts on a Fri evening early swing shift and planning on sneaking out a bit early when the overnight doc arrives in 15 mins when the charge nurse comes up going "They need you in the ICU! Something about a failed airway!" I inwardly groan because I rarely get called up there by our ACNPs (who are actually very good) unless it's a total sh** storm. At my hospital, the NPs staff the ICU completely by themselves at night while the attendings sleep at home and the pulmonary group runs multiple ICUs in town and have established this practice. Although I have a lot of problems with this practice pattern, again... the ACNPs up there are actually very good and I've trained a few of them personally and would vouch for them. Regardless...here's the case:
Supermorbid obese guy in his late 40s with no neck, small mouth, copious head/neck blubber in ARDS and septic shock on a rotoprone bed with lost ETT undergoing active compressions/ACLS & being bagged with little air exchange. When they called me I had grabbed an LMA, cric kit, glidescope and fiberoptic intubating stylet. For starters, I really don't know anything about these rotoprone beds. This guy was strapped down and his neck almost completely immobilized with his head in this vice like contraption and nobody could seem to tell me how to get his head/neck free from the top of the bed. I was told RT had lost his airway during one of those spinning maneuvers and they had been coding him for the past 20 mins with multiple attempts by the ACNP. He had a billion lines coming out and had apparently been on deep sedation w/paralysis prior to this event (propofol/vec?). Anesthesia had just showed up (CRNA) and deferred everything to me. She didn't seem too excited to step up to the plate and there was no anesthesia MD in house. Glidescope went in with much difficulty revealing a huge tongue with grade 4 view at an extreme hyper acute angle no doubt d/t the lack of neck mobility and body position. Copious bloody secretions and supraglottic edema. I tried to get the rigid ETT stylet into the glottic inlet and couldn't muscle it into place. There was no way. I then tried a bougie with no luck either. I then tried a fiberoptic intubating stylet (with video laryngoscope in place) after bending it at an extreme angle and although it came into the VL field of view, could not get anywhere near the glottis with it. I then ripped open the cric kit and slashed a vertical incision over the neck and cut down through the subcutaneous tissues over the trachea. Blood was quickly pooling at this point and prior to the incision I couldn't feel any trachea and having done a few of these I knew as soon as I made the incision through fat and platysma, normally I can sink my fingers in there and feel tracheal anatomy pretty well and I didn't want to dissect down any further not really knowing where I was at and accidentally hit jugular or carotid, etc.. So, I used my fingers to verify anatomical positioning, got my bearings, dissected a little more and then made a horizontal stab through the cricothyroid membrane, finger dilated it and, with my finger in place, passed a cuffed melker cannula with inner dilator in place (so I could feel it easily along my finger which was plugging the tracheotomy), connected the ambubag and had BS and positive chest rise. (ROSC) 4x4s were used to tamponade and stuff the incisional site around the neck to obtain hemostasis. Then I used an ambu slim bronch to verify position and eval for any tracheobronchial bleeding (none). I then recommended that they call ENT and GS to take to the OR and get better hemostasis and convert to trach. ENT was apparently not available (partial call at our hospital) and GS said they would do it Monday (wtf?).
In hindsight, if there had been some way to quickly get this guy free from the bed and ramp his shoulders and back, I think I could have achieved a much better body position for intubation conditions but this guy was literally shackled down in that damn space age bed and nobody seemed to be able to tell me how to free him up.
Another option would have been to go immediately to fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation after my first look with the glidescope realizing that endotracheal intubation was going to be almost impossible. We didn't have a bronch in the room though and I calculated that it would be time prohibitive given the circumstances. However I did notice later on that when I needed it for tracheal verification, they seemed to find it and set it up pretty fast.
As for the cric, normally I would stick a bougie through the cric and pass a shiley or the melker over the bougie but I didn't have one nearby. Anytime I have to do one of these (rare), I always intend to use the percutaneous kit but in the heat of the moment when seconds count, I always doubt that I can successfully percutaneously cric them as quickly as I can surgically, so I always end up with a slash and stab which is how I was trained and I find it very difficult to overcome training in order to try something that you are less familiar with during those critical moments.
Thoughts? Would anybody have approached it differently?
So, I'm wrapping up my charts on a Fri evening early swing shift and planning on sneaking out a bit early when the overnight doc arrives in 15 mins when the charge nurse comes up going "They need you in the ICU! Something about a failed airway!" I inwardly groan because I rarely get called up there by our ACNPs (who are actually very good) unless it's a total sh** storm. At my hospital, the NPs staff the ICU completely by themselves at night while the attendings sleep at home and the pulmonary group runs multiple ICUs in town and have established this practice. Although I have a lot of problems with this practice pattern, again... the ACNPs up there are actually very good and I've trained a few of them personally and would vouch for them. Regardless...here's the case:
Supermorbid obese guy in his late 40s with no neck, small mouth, copious head/neck blubber in ARDS and septic shock on a rotoprone bed with lost ETT undergoing active compressions/ACLS & being bagged with little air exchange. When they called me I had grabbed an LMA, cric kit, glidescope and fiberoptic intubating stylet. For starters, I really don't know anything about these rotoprone beds. This guy was strapped down and his neck almost completely immobilized with his head in this vice like contraption and nobody could seem to tell me how to get his head/neck free from the top of the bed. I was told RT had lost his airway during one of those spinning maneuvers and they had been coding him for the past 20 mins with multiple attempts by the ACNP. He had a billion lines coming out and had apparently been on deep sedation w/paralysis prior to this event (propofol/vec?). Anesthesia had just showed up (CRNA) and deferred everything to me. She didn't seem too excited to step up to the plate and there was no anesthesia MD in house. Glidescope went in with much difficulty revealing a huge tongue with grade 4 view at an extreme hyper acute angle no doubt d/t the lack of neck mobility and body position. Copious bloody secretions and supraglottic edema. I tried to get the rigid ETT stylet into the glottic inlet and couldn't muscle it into place. There was no way. I then tried a bougie with no luck either. I then tried a fiberoptic intubating stylet (with video laryngoscope in place) after bending it at an extreme angle and although it came into the VL field of view, could not get anywhere near the glottis with it. I then ripped open the cric kit and slashed a vertical incision over the neck and cut down through the subcutaneous tissues over the trachea. Blood was quickly pooling at this point and prior to the incision I couldn't feel any trachea and having done a few of these I knew as soon as I made the incision through fat and platysma, normally I can sink my fingers in there and feel tracheal anatomy pretty well and I didn't want to dissect down any further not really knowing where I was at and accidentally hit jugular or carotid, etc.. So, I used my fingers to verify anatomical positioning, got my bearings, dissected a little more and then made a horizontal stab through the cricothyroid membrane, finger dilated it and, with my finger in place, passed a cuffed melker cannula with inner dilator in place (so I could feel it easily along my finger which was plugging the tracheotomy), connected the ambubag and had BS and positive chest rise. (ROSC) 4x4s were used to tamponade and stuff the incisional site around the neck to obtain hemostasis. Then I used an ambu slim bronch to verify position and eval for any tracheobronchial bleeding (none). I then recommended that they call ENT and GS to take to the OR and get better hemostasis and convert to trach. ENT was apparently not available (partial call at our hospital) and GS said they would do it Monday (wtf?).
In hindsight, if there had been some way to quickly get this guy free from the bed and ramp his shoulders and back, I think I could have achieved a much better body position for intubation conditions but this guy was literally shackled down in that damn space age bed and nobody seemed to be able to tell me how to free him up.
Another option would have been to go immediately to fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation after my first look with the glidescope realizing that endotracheal intubation was going to be almost impossible. We didn't have a bronch in the room though and I calculated that it would be time prohibitive given the circumstances. However I did notice later on that when I needed it for tracheal verification, they seemed to find it and set it up pretty fast.
As for the cric, normally I would stick a bougie through the cric and pass a shiley or the melker over the bougie but I didn't have one nearby. Anytime I have to do one of these (rare), I always intend to use the percutaneous kit but in the heat of the moment when seconds count, I always doubt that I can successfully percutaneously cric them as quickly as I can surgically, so I always end up with a slash and stab which is how I was trained and I find it very difficult to overcome training in order to try something that you are less familiar with during those critical moments.
Thoughts? Would anybody have approached it differently?
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