Your point is that only 16% recieve a licence as clinical psychologist? Or what do you mean by funded programs? I doubt that only 16% become psychologists.
I'm not sure how things work in Sweden, but in the US, funded programs are those which will provide at least partial, but usually full, tuition remission and typically some kind of stipend. People in these programs take on little to no debt throughout their graduate programs. These funded programs generally take on a handful of student per year, i.e. typically less than ten new students per year, as they function on mentor models. This is different from undergraduate programs, which just generally admit students to the school/program as a whole, as mentor models have you studying under the tutelage of a specific professor as your primary mentor and they can only have so many students at one time. If you look at these funded programs, even those with the highest admission rates top out at about 15-16% of applicants being admitted per year, i.e. total admission offers (not total admitted and matriculating)/total applicants. More typically, funded programs will admit less than 10% of applicants per year and the most competitive and popular ones (e.g. Yale, Duke, UNC Chapel Hill) will admit no more than 2-3% per year.
You generally don't want to go to an unfunded program, both because the costs are absurd (being on-par with med school costs in the hundreds of thousands of dollars, but without commensurate pay post-licensure) and they frequently admit many more students per year. Admitting more students means they provide less individual support, which makes grad school and post-doctoral training that much harder. These unfunded programs, especially free standing professional programs, have higher attrition rates (i.e. more drop out before they finish the program), lower APA-approved internship match rates, lower licensure rates, and poorer career prospects than funded programs (especially if they didn't get an APA-approved internship).
What this means in the context of what you're talking about in terms intelligence and standardized test scores, is that while psychology is a very popular undergraduate degree major, only a very tiny proportion of people who graduate with a bachelor's in psychology will ever get a doctorate in clinical psychology. So, you can't use SAT scores or GRE scores of intended psychology undergraduates or intended PhD program applicants to extrapolate out the intelligence and ability of PhD-holding psychologists. Surely, the latter population is a component sub-population among the former, but the former alone does not tell you about the composition of the latter. Also, knowing the mean alone without any other information about the distribution (e.g. skew, standard deviation, etc.) is not very helpful and can result in the abuse of statistics. This is relevant to your initial question, because it is pretty basic statistics and methodology, which you will have to understand to complete an undergraduate degree in psychology.
Furthermore, I know you think that philosophy teaches you acceptable critical thinking skills, but it does not teach you them in the context of scientific research. You need to learn how to pragmatically apply critical thinking and skepticism to research methodology and statistics, especially whether things mean what they say they do, which I alluded to earlier. You really can't take it for granted that standardized tests are measures of intelligence or even academic ability. You can't take it for granted that a high SAT, ACT, or GRE score equates to a high intelligence level or vice versa. You can't take it for granted that getting high SAT or GRE scores will be correlated to good performance and/or graduation from undergraduate or graduate programs, respectively. And even if you observe a correlation of a given strength, you have to critically evaluate how and why it got that way. If you are just going to take a chart of means at face value and extrapolate out from them so drastically as to make inferences about extremely complex phenomena like intelligence, then you have a lot to learn, and I'm not just talking about mathematical and statistical calculations.