Bronchoscopy
Pulmonary dilatation
Pulmonary stents
Mediastinoscopy
Pulmonary resections for cancer/benign disease/pleural disease (open/vats lobectomy, pneumoectomy, segmentectomy)
Diaphragm plication/reconstruction
Decortications
Lung volume reduction surgery
Bullectomy
Tracheal resections/reconstructions
Thymectomy
Esophagectomy
Esophagoscopy
Esophageal dilation
Thoracic sympathectomy
Chest wall reconstruction
Lung transplant
Pulmonary endarterectomy
Mediastinal tumor resection
Thoracic trauma (chest wall, esophagus, diaphragm)
Chest tubes
Anti-reflux
At many (?most) academic medical centers thoracic surgeons do not do cardiac surg and vice versa for the cardiac people. In the community it's a mix. If you want to get a feel for, but not a comprehensive list of, cardiothoracic jobs, go to
www.ctsnet.org, click 'job center' on the left then 'search for a job', pick 'united states' from the drop down menu and then whatever job category you want to see.