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I wrote this for a friend to help him/her get a realistic point-of-view about pharmacy school and the entire application process. Just wanted to share this with the rest of you guys looking to apply to pharmacy school.
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***Disclaimer: what you’re reading all comes from my personal experiences, what I’ve gathered from the experiences of my peers and what simply makes sense to me. I did not consult any official guides before writing this. Everything you're reading is entirely my opinion. The entire admission process probably does not follow what I describe verbatim, but it’s not too much of stretch from what actually happens***
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Before you apply:
1. Know why you’re applying, why you want to do pharmacy school, and why not other careers. Don’t just send in an application to a few schools to convince yourself that you’ve given your best shot and hope to get in. Applications cost money and time. Don’t waste money. Don’t waste time.
2. Find out the earliest date you’ll be able to start your application, regardless if it is through PharmCas or if it’s directly to the school.
3. Know the schools you want to apply to.
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The application process:
1. Deadlines – know the deadlines, write it down, and remember it. An alternative to having to keep track of the deadlines is to apply early.
2. Know the requirements for all of your desired schools.
3. PharmCAS transcripts take a lot of time!!!
4. Everyone’s time is important.
5. Enter all data and answers honestly.
6. The personal statement.
7. Apply early - remember rolling admission? – well, here’s how I think it works
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***Disclaimer: what you’re reading all comes from my personal experiences, what I’ve gathered from the experiences of my peers and what simply makes sense to me. I did not consult any official guides before writing this. Everything you're reading is entirely my opinion. The entire admission process probably does not follow what I describe verbatim, but it’s not too much of stretch from what actually happens***
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Before you apply:
1. Know why you’re applying, why you want to do pharmacy school, and why not other careers. Don’t just send in an application to a few schools to convince yourself that you’ve given your best shot and hope to get in. Applications cost money and time. Don’t waste money. Don’t waste time.
2. Find out the earliest date you’ll be able to start your application, regardless if it is through PharmCas or if it’s directly to the school.
a. Generally, PharmCas opens earlier than those schools that do not participate in PharmCas.
b. Narrow the schools to the geographical areas you’d like to attend. If you’re unable to go out of state or travel more than 45 minutes from home to school every day, then obviously, focus on the schools that are located closer to you.
i. Always have back up schools
ii. Apply to at least 3 or 4 schools.
3. Know the schools you want to apply to.
a. Know the stats: average GPA, average PCAT, student body composition (males, females, in-state, out-of-state, etc.)
i. GPA and PCAT averages are not the end-all, be-all to applications.
1. On PharmCas, if either your overall GPA or your math-and-science GPA is below the minimum required then it will still allow you to submit your application; however, I think it warns you that you’re submitting your application to a school with a higher minimum GPA requirement and your chances of getting your application reviewed is slim. I might be wrong on this. It's been a while.
b. Know the age of the school: older, more established schools vs. newer, awaiting accreditation or recently accredited schools.
i. Older, more established schools
1. More strict on minimum GPA and PCAT requirements
2. They have an established student body and will generally accept students that contribute to its “average student”.
3. More competition since most people prefer to attend a more established school
ii. Newer, awaiting accreditation or recently accredited schools
1. Accreditation --- all schools cannot be accredited until it graduates it first class, therefore, a new school with Candidate status means that it is in good shape and is simply waiting until its inaugural class graduates to receive full accreditation (Accredited status)
a. That being said, a school with a Pharmacy program in its infancy (opened within the last 3 years), is not only a good choice to apply to but is excellent for students with less appealing stats.
b. Don’t hesitate to apply to a school just because it is new. Opening a school (generally a new Pharmacy program within an established university/college) takes a lot of work and commitment from founding members that literally no one will risk their careers to see it open and fail.
2. One of the advantages of applying to a newer school is that its student body is not yet established (no “average” students) and they are constantly adjusting its admission criteria to attract a wide variety of students.
a. Think of it as opening a business, the fact that it is a new school brings a lot of uncertainty to potential students; therefore, these schools tend to invite to interviews a wider variety of students
b. That being said, it doesn’t mean that they will invite to interviews Joe Smith with a GPA of 1.98 cumulative and 2.1 math and science, and a PCAT of 20.
c. Know yourself: be realistic with yourself
i. If your GPA is low, accept it or try to improve upon it
ii. If your PCAT is low, retake it. (Maximum of 5 times)
iii. If you have strengths, reinforce it in your application
iv. If you don’t have interest in healthcare and is doing pharmacy because it’s easy and makes a lot of money then choose another career.
v. If you don’t know what your weaknesses/strengths are, ask a peer, ask your co-workers, ask your employer, ask your family. Be open to criticism and take everything in stride.
1. All of these will play a role in your application/interviews/future careers.
vi. Older schools will consider all factors in order to provide all motivated students a fair chance at an interview. Think of it as if they are giving these students a chance at admission since the students are in essence giving the school a chance, despite it being unestablished. (We all have to start somewhere).
1. GPA (both cumulative and math-science)
a. 2.5 and above means you have a chance
i. Mine was somewhere around 2.8 to 3.0 GPA average
b. 2.0 to 2.5 – chances are slim
c. < 2.0 – please reconsider applying to pharmacy school or at least re-take some classes to bring that GPA up
2. PCAT
a. 70 and above – competitive
i. My final PCAT was an 86, with three previous PCAT scores around that same range.
b. 50 to 70 – you’ve still got a very good chance
c. 30 to 50 – chances are slim, but I’ve seen students get in with a PCAT this low; probably not the only factor
d. < 30 – again, reconsider applying to pharmacy school, PCAT is a standardized test, which means if you’re below the 30th percentile then chances are you’ll struggle throughout pharmacy school when it comes to exams, and probably will struggle even worse on the NAPLEX and MPJE (Board exams).
3. Raw grades
a. Generally, A’s and B’s are always preferred
i. I had these
b. Some C’s – you’re still fine
i. Had quite a few of these
c. D’s and F’s – it’s ok to have these in your transcript
i. It’s NOT ok to not retake these classes and improve with at least a B
ii. I had two F’s
1. Government – do not remember even taking the class at community, actually took the class at university and made a B
2. Microbiology
a. Failed the first time taking it at university (bleak half a year)
b. Received a C taking the same class, same university, and from the same professor
c. Received an A- the third and final time from community college; however, took a higher difficulty level (Microbiology for Nursing) instead
d. Overall, raw grades show trend and progression. If you’re getting lower grades earlier in your college years and higher grades later then you’re fine. Be able to explain this in your interview.
4. Quality of where you attempted your undergrad prerequisites.
a. I really do not think this actually matters. An A from a community college is just as good as an A from a large university
5. Whether or not you have a Bachelor degree – more schools are leaning toward students with a Bachelor degree – shows maturity and willingness to put in the work to accomplish a goal.
a. I had a Bachelor degree
6. Your work experience – generally this is the most important aspect that cannot be expressed thoroughly on paper. You putting down that you’ve worked in the pharmacy 3+ years means nothing until you’ve described the quality of those 3 years, either on paper through your personal essay or prepare to bring it up during interviews
a. I had several years of experience before applying
7. Your extracurricular activities – what you do outside of the pharmacy world matters. Share these experiences with the school if they are important to you and important that the school knows about you.
a. I really had no extracurricular activities worth mentioning when I applied except for “Founding member of Chinese Student Society” at my university.
8. Leadership positions – mention these; they are important
a. If you are Senior Pharmacy Technician for your pharmacy, mention it. It might not feel important to you, but it matters to the admission committee
9. Certifications – list these, they are also important
a. If you are a CPhT, mention it. Not every technician is certified. This makes sure that you stand out
10. Your age, gender, ethnicity, religious views and other personal data – believe it or not, all of these factors actually do matter. Regardless of what all schools say, there is a quota. There isn’t a specific # on the quota, but all schools want to have a diverse student body. Obviously, these are factors that you cannot personally change; however, you can use this to your advantage--especially when the school does rolling admission (most schools do rolling admission).
a. Rolling admission means they pick out several applications during each of its admission period and invite them for interviews. Based on the interviews and the applications that accompany each applicant a decision is made during that period (remember, you’re being compared to applicants within that particular admission period)
i. Reject – you bombed the interview, and your application was sub-par
ii. Accept – with haste, they like you, you stood out amongst those interviews during that particular admission period
iii. Pending – they feel ambiguous about you and still needs more time to consider. They could push you to their next rolling admission period and compare you to those other applicants and if you still fail to stand out they could finally reject you, or continue to push your application to another rolling admission period or possibly until the final admission period for that admission cycle. (I’ll go further into details about this later)
iv. Waitlisted – they think you’re a good fit for their school but there are better candidates, should these other candidates reject their admission offer and spaces open up, you’ll be next on their list.
b. Think about it realistically, if your personal data actually does not matter, they wouldn’t ask you to mark it down. This makes sense because no school wants to end up with a student body full of: over-achieving, A students, captain of their social clubs, 20-somethings females. So, while a quota doesn’t actually exist, diversity matters and it is a contributing factor.
The application process:
1. Deadlines – know the deadlines, write it down, and remember it. An alternative to having to keep track of the deadlines is to apply early.
2. Know the requirements for all of your desired schools.
a. All required pre-requisite should be met at least by the time you’re applying; worst case scenario is have 1 or 2 classes at most that you’ll plan to complete over the summer should you get accepted.
b. Try to meet some of the “recommended pre-reqs” – this will impress the admission committee since you’re actually “over-achieving” what is minimally required.
c. Look at the admission data from previous year and be confident that you’re at least within range of students that were accepted.
i. Average GPA’s and PCAT’s are important; however, minimum GPA or PCAT accepted is also important
1. It’s not that you’re trying to see “how low you can go”. But it’s motivating to know that there are outlier applicants who were accepted for one reason or another.
d. Know if they require a supplemental application and when it is due and if there’s any additional cost.
e. Know what type of recommendation letters they will require. Generally it’s from one professor (math and science) that taught you and one employer/supervisor or even a pharmacist. However, all of this varies
3. PharmCAS transcripts take a lot of time!!!
a. The application for PharmCAS should not take you more than 2 hours to complete (outside of the personal essay and supplemental applications). The bulk of that 2 hours will be spent entering in your grades into PharmCAS.
b. HOWEVER, PharmCAS requires official transcripts to be submitted directly from all universities/colleges you attended in order for them to essential verify what you entered and finalize your GPA calculation based on its own formula. Again, this will take time. At least a month (from what I remembers) for you to receive your calculated GPA from PharmCAS.
i. Good news – you can finish your application in the meantime and submit your application as soon as possible without having to wait on PharmCAS
ii. Bad news – your application will not be sent until this is done. Therefore, in order to ensure that PharmCAS receives your transcript ASAP so it can begin calculating GPA averages in a timely manner, request your transcripts to be sent early. Don’t wait until 9000 other students need their transcript sent and risk yours getting lost. “Murphy’s Law – Anything that can go wrong, will go wrong”
c. Remember those deadlines you’re asked to keep in mind??? – if you wait until a month before a school’s deadline to request your transcripts from your schools to be sent in, and PharmCAS takes a month and a half to calculate your GPA, you’ve missed the deadline, and it’s not PharmCAS’ fault.
i. This happened to me for a few schools and I blamed no one but myself.
4. Everyone’s time is important.
a. You’ll need recommendation letters. You’ll need at least 2, some schools will require 3.
b. That being said, give all the people you’re intending to ask for a recommendation letter ample time to complete the letter for you. PharmCAS will even allow the recommendation letters to be completed electronically.
c. However, respect everyone’s time and effort.
d. Don’t rush them, don’t constantly remind them (a reminder about every 2 weeks is more than sufficient), don’t make them feel uncomfortable about having to write a letter for you.
i. Remember, you want a good recommendation letter that helps you stand out, not a generic letter that says “you’re a hardworking student”. It’s better if it describes what makes you a hardworking student.
ii. That being said, know who you can ask or should ask --- if you don’t have that much option, then obviously ask whoever you can – but a good recommendation letter sometimes can make your application more appealing.
e. If you ask someone who asks you in return to simply write it and he/she will sign it—don’t do it. Politely thank he/she and ask someone else. There’s nothing worse than starting professional school on a dishonest path. If you’re unable to form relationships with people who will wholeheartedly vouch for you at this point of your life --- reconsider pharmacy school --- reconsider life altogether.
f. Thank them! Appreciate all the time and effort they’ve put in to help you get into pharmacy school. A thank you letter is more than enough to express your gratitude. Even if you end up not getting in, appreciate that he/she was there to offer the help and would do so again if you choose to reapply.
5. Enter all data and answers honestly.
a. Don’t lavish your application with leadership positions and extracurricular activities that you’re not warranted. In the interview process the admission committee will have your application in their hand and will ask you to elaborate about what you’ve put down. Should you stutter, or murmur your answers to them, they will know you’ve fudged your application.
6. The personal statement.
a. It’s simply that. A personal statement. Tell the admission committee about yourself. Tell them something they don’t already know from reading all of the other sections in your application. Don’t spend too much time writing about one important aspect of your life. Share what you feel will paint the most complete picture of you. Share your interests, even if it’s outside of healthcare. Share you volunteer experiences. Share you.
7. Apply early - remember rolling admission? – well, here’s how I think it works
a. So let’s say you decided to apply as soon as applications become available --- a hypothetical school has rolling admissions, the first of which is around September 15.
i. So at that point, the school reviews all 30 applications that it has received and pick out about a third of that for interviews, the rest of the applications are put back into the applicant pool for another admission period.
1. If you applied now, you’re only competing with 29 other applicants – all of the factors that the school considers will decide whether or not you deserve an interview. Your personal data also helps too. They do not want to invite to interview 10 Caucasian females with 3.5 GPA who were president of her university’s debate team or sorority. Can you imagine how exciting that interview will be for the admission committees?
2. If you get an interview – you’re competing against 10 other applicants which mean that you’ll have to stand out at the interview. Your personal data and application does not play an important role here. It’s YOU that will attract the admission committee. Since it’s so early in the admission process that the fact that you’re a 20 something Asian Female with tons of experience in the pharmacy with a 3.0 GPA is not really important right now. They will probably find someone with similar stats with much better personality later in the admission cycle. You’re at the interview to get them to remember you and accept you as soon as possible
a. You get accepted – congrats!
b. You get denied – seriously, think back what you could have done better during the interview so that the next school that invites you for interview does not turn you away
c. You get postponed – your admission decision gets delayed and you’re forced to wait while the next admission period rolls in and you’re being compared to a different pool of candidate
i. I was postponed --- did not take my own advice and applied early
d. You get waitlisted – it’s not bad news, it happens because you’re a fit for the school but they just want to make sure they have enough spaces to accommodate you. Generally this happens much later in the admission cycle when the school has sent out enough acceptance offer.
3. If you don’t get an interview – your application is put back into the pool as more applications flow in. The next admission period begins about a month later and you’re being reconsidered and compared to 100 other applicants (70 more applications were submitted between the first and second rolling admission period). Now you’re competing against 99 other applicants and since there’s limited capacity in how many students the school can handle at a time for interviews, so instead of 1/3 of the applicant pool gets interviews, now only 1/4 (25 students) of the applicants get an interview.
4. This process continues until the school has accepted its maximum capacity and the further in to the admission cycle the smaller the proportion of applicants get interviews (the same numbers of students are offered interviews, however).
a. Newer schools tend to have a lower capacity of about 70 to 100 students. More established schools have closer to 120
b. However, schools tend to not accept enough students to meet its capacity early, but rather drags it out through the entire admission cycle; hence the reason why they “postpone” your admission decision.
ii. So if you wait until 2 months or a month before the deadline when everyone is scrambling to submit his/her application then you’re essentially competing with ~1000 applicants as opposed to the first 30 who actually made the effort to apply early. College student being college student. Procrastination happens. This is inevitable. So apply early.