I don't know if this is right but...
If the area of the painting is 4*5 = 20. The frame is 6 inches wider on each side (or 0.5 feet) so 4+(0.5) and 5+(0.5) are the length and width of the frame. We can do (4+0.5) * (5+0.5) = 24.75 which is the area of the frame, but the frame has an empty area in the middle... it is a frame. So we need to subtract the 24.75 of the frame - 20 from the picture to give us the area of the frame, so 24.75-20 = 4.75.
So area of frame/total area * 100 is the percent
4.75/(24.75) = 19%