Im guessing since the patient population would be relatively young and healthy, there would not be that much sickness and pathology to see. Im interested in internal medicine, neurology, psych, and maybe ER and anesthesia. If I took the Air force HPSP how good would the training be?
a) No one knows.
b) It depends.
Few if any residencies at MTFs could fairly be called top tier. But of course, more than 90% of civilian residency programs aren't top tier either, so that's not really a huge issue IMO. I know every pre-med expects to get straight As and top 1% board scores, so every pre-med plans on a top-tier residency too. The military trains competent doctors. Individuals with desire and aptitude can be excellent doctors with inservice training.
There is an acuity and sometimes volume problem at MTFs. Some residency programs overcome this with substantial time spent at other institutions. Others don't.
The Air Force would be my distant 3rd out of 3 choices for service, in large part because they seem to be the most determined to 'lead' the way with downsizing and organizational decisions that harm the medical corps most. That's not to say the Army and Navy don't have some issues too.
The biggest problem is that as a pre-med, you're asking a question that won't be reliably answerable for another 10 years.
Anyone who says they can predict the overall state of inservice military residency training circa 2023 in any given specialty at any given location is either high or simply FOS. Nobody knows what effects budget cuts will have. Nobody knows how much outsourcing will become the norm. Nobody knows how many slots in which specialty and where will be open. Nobody knows how the GMO burden will be managed then. Nobody knows if we'll be at war in Iran or if peace will break out in the Middle East after a trillion barrels of light sweet crude are discovered in Idaho.
If you take HPSP today, you're making a bet that whatever specialty you decide on (and right now you don't know which field you will choose, even if you think you do) will have training both available and of quality commensurate with your talent/motivation/grades.
Paying for medical school with loans, and then entering service via FAP or another route after a civilian residency is a different kind of bet.
Of course, everything you do is to some extent a leap of faith, especially the decision to go to med school in the first place.
Do you want to be in the military? Why are you most interested in the Air Force?