Last Minute Destroyer Questions, Help!!

[Gordon9721]

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Test tomorrow at 4pm! Please help!

#84 in GenChem, I don't understand why Copper's 4s shell
doesn't fill before going to the 3d shell. I thought all
elements in the middle of the table have empty d shells.

#5 for Orgo-Will Grignards always cleave esters? If someone could break down Markovnikov for me real quick, I keep
confusing myself: Markovnikov is addition to create the
most stable carbocation, correct? So Anti must be addition
to most substituted carbon, correct? It's a mental block I
keep hitting, hearing it from someone else would help.

#64 for Orgo-I thought sterically hindered molecules favor
E2. I initially choose C everytime. Why is it B?

#123 for Orgo-does OsO4 always do syn addition? I only saw
this reaction once in the book. Is this the norm for this
reactant?

#127 for Orgo-my explanation got cut off. I would think
the answer would be B since I is a better leaving group.
But the answer is A. Why?

And finally, Road Map #3-to the right of the starting
material, after the addition of Br. When you add these
salts and bases, what is the reasoning behind the
different double bond formations? Is it because the
reaction going up is more powerful so it generates a less
stable double bond? And the reaction going down doesn't
have as powerful reactants so it is slower and generates a
more stable double bond?


Please, please help.

 

[quikag1]

84 GC- You are correct, however there are some exceptions to the general rule. Cu is one of them
5 OC Yes, grignards with esters, always assume two mols and it will cleave the ester leaving two of the same element of the grignard
Yes, markov addition is the addition of the elctrophile (usually the H) to the carbon with the most substitution (usually the most Hs) and anti-markov is the exact opposite.
64 'Oc dont have it in front of me u need to b more specific
yes, OSO4 always adds OH's syn
127 dont have it in front of me
same prob for rdmap 3

 

[Mstoothlady2012]

64 orgo - No E2 doesnt like sterically hindered molecule because just like SN2 it has to attack the hydrogen without forming an intermediate. Hence it needs room to attack the hydrogen. Therefore Choices C, D & E are eliminated. Destroyer has good exp for why to choose B over A

127 – aryl halides are unreactive towards SN1 & SN2…so we just focus on the CH2Br part and do SN2 since we have primary halide.

Road map – the base that has been added upwards is more hindered hence it will follow non-markovnikov, whereas the base that has been added downwards is less hindered hence it will follow markovnikov