This is more so to do with taking call for a hospital overnight. This particular private psych hospital accepts walk ins. The admissions nurse calls to wake me up. She tells me about the patient and based on what she's told me, I need to make a decision. On occasion they do not seem to meet criteria for admission. Maybe they aren't psychotically decompensated and/or are denying SI/HI. Maybe they are well known to malinger for a bed. Whatever the reason, we feel they don't warrant admission and I decline them. In this instance, any idea what my liability is having never seen this patient in person?
The honest answer is that I don't know. You would want to clarify whether local courts hold practitioners to a local or national standard. If this setup is standard practice in your area, then by a local standard it should not be considered malpractice (unless you engage in it in a way that others would not).
I think a few questions are also relevant:
-Is a licensed practitioner (not a nurse) seeing this patient and writing a note?
-How much information goes into the admission nurse's note?
-When issues such as an identified risk for harm to self or others come up, what is the mechanism for dealing with it? Does, for example, an ER physician evaluate? Do you then have a very low / conservative bar and just admit? As you might imagine, admitting someone who really didn't need it has a lower risk of liability than sending someone out who did need admission.
-Is anyone screening for acute medical issues?
When I supervise residents, I don't see the patient but there is a well-written note that spells out the clinical reasoning and I can addend to further clarify anything that is not clear. In this case, if the admissions nurse is only jotting a few basics about the person's presentation and you are not writing anything, where is the medical decision making demonstrated, and are you demonstrating that all of the information that should have been gathered was gathered? If that patient walks out that night and completes suicide or homicide, my understanding is that you are the one who signed off that they were safe for discharge. Will the record be able to support your determination? You can speak to your thought process in a deposition, but that will be your word about some case you heard about briefly over the phone (by that point likely years ago). I personally would feel much more comfortable putting my thoughts into writing before I learn there has been any kind of bad outcome.
I think sending people you don't know well out of the ER is one of the higher-risk settings for subsequent serious bad outcomes, so if it were me I would be a little uncomfortable having the liability for the decision fall on me based just on a nurse's triage assessment (and no assessment or documentation of my own). But then again, I may just be too cautious. I don't worry a lot about risk management issues, but part of that is (I think) that I only agree to work in systems where I feel very comfortable with the setup with regard to risk. I can discharge a high-risk patient and sleep like a log as long as I know I did an appropriate assessment and documented it.